Skip to main content
. 2023 Dec 27;21(4):e14447. doi: 10.1111/iwj.14447

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Quantification of vasculature, epidermal proliferation, re‐epithelialization and immune cell markers. A quantitative evaluation of immunoreactive markers (qIHC) was performed on tissue sections from chronic ulcer, WHC and intact skin samples. Shown are scaled immunoreactive protein expression values for (A) CD31, (B) Ki67, (C) KRT5 and (D) MPO quantified in the dermal and epidermal compartments of peri‐wound, wound border and bed subregions. Intact skin dermal and epidermal compartments were monitored as controls. A subset of immune cells in (A) revealed CD31 signals that were filtered out by image analysis to permit CD31 quantification in the vasculature. Values for CD31 and KRT5 expression levels were normalized to the ROIs and presented as positively stained areas. Values for MPO expression were normalized to total cell numbers. Ki67 expression levels were normalized to the ROI areas in the dermis or epithelial length for epidermal regions. For qIHC analyses, samples from the following donors have been used (donor identifiers in parentheses for each wound type/intact skin): 2 FUs (50 002, 50 038); 4 LUs (50 037, 50 040, 50 046, 50 052); 8 PUs (50 007, 50 013, 50 021, 50 025, 50 036, 50 041, 50 048, 50 051); 5 WHCs (50 030, 50 032, 50 044, 50 049, 50 050); 5 intact skin (00048, 00051, 00096, 00099, 00108). The aggregated data of all wound types (LU, FU, PU, WHC) is compared against intact skin (dermal and epidermal compartments for intact skin and wound subregions). A global comparison of the means was performed using Kruskal–Wallis test used to determine significance.