Table 2.
Studies Related to Willingness to Pay (WTP) for the attributes of renewable energy investment in developed countries.
| No. | Author | Survey Area | Attributes | Signs | Value of WTP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | [18] | Scotland | Landscape impact | + | 8.10 |
| Wildlife impact | + | 4.24 | |||
| Air pollution impact | + | 14.131 | |||
| Employment impact | Not significant | 0.32 | |||
| Price of electricity | – | ||||
| 2. | [19] | Sweden | Reduction of noise level | + | 0.67 |
| Location | + | 3.47 | |||
| The height of the tower of the turbine | + | 0.26 | |||
| Grouping | – | 1.64 | |||
| Price | – | ||||
| 3. | [13] | England | Annual reduction in GHG emissions | + | 29.65 |
| Annual length of electricity shortages | – | 0.36 | |||
| Changes in the number of employees | + | 0.02 | |||
| Electricity bills | – | ||||
| 4. | [11] | Korea | Landscape impact | Not significant | 2.52 |
| Wildlife impact | + | 6.85 | |||
| Air pollution impact | + | 8.40 | |||
| Employment impact | + | 10.87 | |||
| Price of electricity | – | ||||
| 5. | [20] | European Union (England, Wales, Scotland) |
Type of system Capital cost Annual energy saving Maintenance cost |
+ – + – |
3.0341 −1.1122 0.2957 −0.0922 |
| 6. | [21] | US and Japan | Monthly bill Air emission Fuel mix |
- - - |
0.34 (US) 0.26 (Japan) 0.74 (US) 0.31(Japan) |
| 7. | [22] | South Korea |
Installation location Installation scale Operation Electricity use Price |
+ + + + - |
4286 3712 2885 3731 |
| 8. | [23] | West Virginia | Energy source Proximity Additional monthly fees |
+ – |
21.79 |
| 9. | [24] | Poland |
Minimum distance to residential areas Size of renewable energy production sites Number of renewable energy production sites Share of landscape not used for renewable energy expansion High-voltage transmission lines Monthly surcharge or rebate to energy bill |
+ Not significant Not significant + + – |
5.66 0.93 0.09 9.15 2.64 |
1
Attributes in bold are the highest preferences that respondents are willing to pay.