Table 1.

Characteristics of intussusception cases <24 months old and comparison by treatment modality, Lao PDR 2018–2020

		Total		Enema		Surgery		p-value1
		N=58	%	N=28	%	N=30	%
Sex	Male	32	55	14	50	18	60	0.448
	Female	26	45	14	50	12	40
Age (months)	Median, IQR2	12	7–19	14.5	8.5–19	8	6–18	0.132
Ever breastfed3		51	89	23	85	28	93	0.408
Chronic medical condition		0	0	0	0	0	0	-
Had been transferred to the surveillance hospital		18	31	5	18	13	43	0.038
Days from symptom onset to transfer	Median, IQR2	1	0–2	0	0–0	1.5	0.5–2	0.112
Outcome	Discharged	58	100	28	100	30	100	-
	Died	0	0	0	0	0	0
Duration of hospitalization at surveillance hospital (days)	Median, IQR2	2.5	1–6	1	0–1	6	4–8	<0.001
Surveillance hospital	Mahosot Hospital	43	74	24	86	19	63	0.024
	Children’s Hospital	11	19	4	14	7	23
	Champasak Hospital	4	7	0	0	4	13
Admission before or during COVID-19 pandemic	Before (Dec 2018-Feb 2020)	35	60	18	64	17	57	0.557
	During (Mar 2020-Sep 2020)	23	40	10	36	13	43
Symptoms at time of admission	Any of the list below	54	93	24	86	30	100	0.033
	Fever	17	29	4	14	13	43	0.016
	Diarrhea3	33	57	14	50	19	63	0.358
	Vomiting	45	78	18	64	27	90	0.020
	Constipation4	10	17	3	11	7	23	0.177
	Bloody stool	31	53	10	36	21	70	0.010
Days from symptom onset to admission to surveillance hospital	Median, IQR2	0	0–1	0	0–1	1	0–2	0.044
Complications	Any	3	5	1	4	2	7	0.498
	Wound infection	0	0	NA	0	0	0
	Would dehiscence	0	0	NA	0	0	0
	Peritonitis	1	2	1	4	0	0
	Secondary Obstruction	2	3	0	0	2	7
	Other	0	0	0	0	0	0

¹p-value calculated from chi-squared for categorical variables or rank sum test for continuous variables

²Interquartile range

³1 missing

⁴2 missing