Table 3.
SRR and aRR according to patient groups.
| Patient groups | SRR | aRR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients (n = 767) | ||||
| Normogonadotropic eugonadism (group 4; n = 57)a | 63.1 | 1 | - | - |
| Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (group 1; n = 163) | 38.6 | 0.611 | 0.398–0.855 | .001 |
| Hypergonadotropic eugonadism (group 2; n = 29) | 48.3 | 0.764 | 0.433–1.105 | .186 |
| Normogonadotropic hypogonadism (group 3; n = 162) | 61.1 | 0.967 | 0.723–1.181 | .784 |
| Hypogonadal cohort (n = 620) | ||||
| Normogonadotropic (group 3; n = 162)a | 61.1 | 1 | - | - |
| Hypergonadotropic (group 1; n = 163) | 38.6 | 0.632 | 0.469–0.811 | <.0001 |
Note: Patient groups: hypergonadotropic hypogonadal (elevated FSH and low T), hypergonadotropic eugonadal (elevated FSH and normal T), normogonadotropic hypogonadal (normal FSH and low T), and normogonadotropic eugonadal (normal FSH and normal T). Bolded P-values are statistically significant.
Hypergonadotropic = FSH levels > 12 IU/L; normogonadotropic = within-range FSH levels; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; FSH = follicle-stimulating hormone; NOA = nonobstructive azoospermia; T = testosterone.
Reference category; confounders included in the analysis: age, body mass index, smoking status, testicular volume, nonobstructive azoospermia etiology (i.e., idiopathic, cryptorchidism, genetic, postinfection, postgonadotoxic therapy, and posttrauma), and the presence of clinical varicocele.