Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of the entire cohort of participants as segregated according to the type of LND
| ePLND during RARP | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Antegrade | Retrograde | p value* | |
| No. Patients | 41 | 64 | |
| Age (years) | 67 (IQR 62–72.5) | 70 (IQR 64–72) | 0.27 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.95 (IQR 24.22–29.76) | 25.45 (IQR 23.53–28.36) | 0.45 |
| ASA | 0.34 | ||
| I | 15 (36.6%) | 29 (45.3%) | |
| II | 23 (56.1%) | 32 (50.0%) | |
| III | 3 (7.3%) | 3 (4.7%) | |
| Previous abd. surgery | 0.22 | ||
| Yes | 23 (56.1%) | 28 (43.8%) | |
| No | 18 (43.9%) | 36 (56.3%) | |
| Clinical Stage | |||
| cT1 | 20 (48.8%) | 30 (46.9%) | 0.78 |
| cT2 | 21 (51.2%) | 32 (50.0%) | 0.78 |
| cN1 | 1 (2.4%) | 4 (6.3%) | 0.37 |
| iPSA | 7.35 (IQR 5.12–10.35) | 6.95 (IQR 4.92–10) | 0.97 |
| ISUP grade | 0.99 | ||
| 1 | 4 (9.8%) | 6 (9.4%) | |
| 2–3 | 24 (58.5%) | 42 (65.6%) | |
| 4–5 | 13 (31.7%) | 16 (25%) | |
| Pathological stage | 0.31 | ||
| pT2b-pT2c | 28 (68.3%) | 40 (62.5%) | |
| pT3a | 6 (14.6%) | 11 (17.2%) | |
| pT3b | 4 (9.7%) | 5 (7.8%) | |
| Lymph nodes | |||
| Total number | 20 (IQR 16.25–31.5) | 19 (IQR 15–26.25) | 0.18 |
| Positive lymph nodes | 5/41 (12.2%) | 8/64 (12.5%) | 0.96 |
| Total OT (min) | 290 (IQR 262–305) | 326 (IQR 301.25–347.5) | < 0.001 |
| ePLND time (min) | 33.5 (IQR 29.5–38.5) | 33.5 (IQR 26.5–37.5) | 0.40 |
| EBL (ml) | 300 (IQR 195–417.5) | 323 (IQR 200–483) | 0.25 |
| Length of stay (days) | 2.50 (IQR 2–3) | 2.50 (IQR 2–3) | 0.93 |
| Catheterisation (days) | 7 (IQR 6–9) | 7 (IQR 6–7.75) | 0.71 |
| Abdominal drain (days) | 1 (IQR 1–1) | 1 (IQR 1–1) | 0.56 |
| Complications | 0.61 | ||
| Yes | 8 (19.5%) | 9 (14.1%) | |
| No | 33 (80.5%) | 55 (85.9%) | |
| Clavien-Dindo | 0.40 | ||
| I-II | 6 (14.6%) | 9 (14%) | |
| III-IV | 2 (4.9%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Lymphocele | 0.30 | ||
| Yes | 3 (7.3%) | 1 (1.6%) | |
| No | 38 (92.7%) | 63 (98.4%) | |
| Fever | 0.51 | ||
| Yes | 5 (12.2%) | 5 (7.8%) | |
| No | 36 (87.8%) | 59 (92.2%) | |
| LND quality | |||
| Efficient | 33 (80.5%) | 28 (44%) | 0.01 |
| Not efficient | 8 (19.5%) | 36 (56%) | |
Keys: ePLND extended pelvic lymph node dissection, RARP Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, BMI Body mass index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologist classification, EBL Estimated blood loss
*p value according to the Mann–Whitney U test and the Fisher exact test, as indicated