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. 2024 Mar 8;12:1340261. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1340261

Table 3.

Adjusted regression coefficients (S.E.) for differences in TG, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL relative to a one-unit increase in log10-transformed biomarkers of bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), with results weighted for sampling strategy.

Triglycerides (mg/dL) Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) Direct HDL-Cholesterol (mg/dL) LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
Unweighted no./Population size Regression coefficient (S.E.) p Unweighted no./Population size Regression coefficient (S.E.) p Unweighted no./Population size Regression coefficient (S.E.) p Unweighted no./Population size Regression coefficient (S.E.) p
Overall 1547/218730635 −4.065 (4.906) 0.42 1,392 / 201,296,167 −3.492 (2.293) 0.149 1,484 / 212,081,107 −2.046 (0.825) 0.026 723 (103619237) 3.264 (2.651) 0.237
Sex
Male 746/ 105,454,411 0.254 (11.564) 0.983 672/ 97,364,458 1.975 (3.018) 0.523 710/ 101,475,412 −2.455 (1.044) 0.033 329/ 47,884,816 8.214 (4.771) 0.106
Female 801/ 113,276,224 −9.175 (4.878) 0.08 720/ 103,931,709 −8.559 (2.616) 0.005 774/ 110,605,695 −1.599 (1.184) 0.197 394/ 55,734,421 −0.599 (2.808) 0.834
Age (years)
20–50 836/ 124,381,639 −8.599 (9.064) 0.358 732/ 111,813,136 −3.480 (3.975) 0.395 804/ 120,507,698 −0.517 (1.081) 0.639 384/ 57,607,126 0.196 (3.978) 0.961
>50 711/ 94,348,995 3.213 (8.379) 0.707 660/ 89,483,031 0.253 (4.124) 0.952 680/ 91,573,409 −3.596 (1.108) 0.005 339/ 46,012,111 7.613 (2.959) 0.021
Body mass index (kg/m2)
<25 466/ 65,056,262 −7.985 (6.237) 0.22 417/ 59,730,890 −10.621 (4.408) 0.029 449/ 62,932,520 −3.991 (1.876) 0.05 210/ 29,666,207 5.848 (4.143) 0.179
25–30 505/ 70,016,577 3.046 (8.641) 0.729 451/ 63,887,315 −6.374 (3.944) 0.127 480/ 67,799,758 −2.764 (1.543) 0.093 250/ 36,024,585 −2.165 (4.512) 0.638
≧30 576/ 83,657,796 −8.449 (14.360) 0.565 524/ 77,677,960 3.134 (4.992) 0.54 555/ 81,348,828 −0.091 (1.117) 0.936 259/ 37,576,618 5.164 (3.912) 0.207
Smoking status
Non-smoker 364/ 52,321,024 −4.731 (12.254) 0.705 340/ 50,185,491 −0.525 (4.486) 0.908 355/ 51,571,246 −0.638 (1.694) 0.712 171/ 24,902,281 10.388 (3.677) 0.013
Current smoker 322/ 42,092,096 13.018 (18.495) 0.492 288/ 38,522,446 1.049 (5.026) 0.837 312/ 41,204,783 −1.896 (2.400) 0.442 144/ 18,335,641 2.806 (4.213) 0.515
Alcohol consumption (drink/year)
<12 1,039/ 156,380,798 −0.082 (6.187) 0.99 1,005 (153022054) −3.845 (3.481) 0.287 1,005/ 153,022,054 −2.600 (0.966) 0.017 493/ 75,162,700 3.217 (3.632) 0.39
≧12 410/ 50,550,640 −15.300 (10.005) 0.147 387 (48274113) −1.857 (4.515) 0.687 387/ 48,274,113 −1.047 (1.727) 0.554 187/ 23,241,070 4.844 (4.629) 0.314
Income
<4,500 675/ 78,653,374 −0.295 (6.556) 0.965 636/ 74,671,696 −6.524 (3.311) 0.068 678/ 78,906,750 −1.040 (1.335) 0.448 326/ 37,701,516 3.774 (2.450) 0.144
≧4,500 802/ 132,389,700 −4.467 (8.505) 0.607 756/ 126,624,471 −1.778 (3.080) 0.572 806/ 133,174,357 −2.712 (1.148) 0.032 369/ 63,368,396 2.921 (3.481) 0.415
Ethnicity
Mexican-American 209/ 19,545,948 15.489 (13.578) 0.278 180/ 16,850,617 0.311 (8.565) 0.972 189/ 17,822,460 −1.765 (2.286) 0.456 97/ 8,865,799 1.474 (8.061) 0.86
Other Hispanic 140/ 12,988,838 −15.480 (17.761) 0.399 121/ 11,222,901 −1.103 (13.522) 0.936 129/ 12,131,057 2.719 (2.460) 0.289 62/ 5,293,780 −10.639 (6.302) 0.135
Non-Hispanic White 700/ 144,473,908 −6.160 (6.337) 0.346 664/ 137,064,601 −2.598 (2.787) 0.366 687/ 141,767,259 −2.334 (0.894) 0.02 347/ 71,652,013 5.515 (3.262) 0.112
Non-Hispanic Black 278/ 24,133,897 4.338 (5.944) 0.478 245/ 21,109,801 −9.441 (5.528) 0.111 270/ 23,447,350 −4.486 (3.590) 0.233 119/ 10,112,448 −6.816 (3.992) 0.116
Other Race – including Multi-Racial 220/ 17,588,041 −12.028 (10.159) 0.255 182/ 15,048,245 −10.255 (7.130) 0.171 209/ 16,912,979 −0.597 (1.885) 0.756 98/ 7,695,195 −6.816 (5.890) 0.272

HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SE, standard error.