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Changes in participants’ reported self-care of their heart failure (HF).
| Questionnaire | Median prestudy results (IQR; minimum-maximum) | Median poststudy results (IQR; minimum-maximum) | Z score | P value |
| 9-item European HF Self-care Behavior Scale (0-100) | 52.8 (38.0-47.0; 22-89) | 72.2 (41.0-52.0; 42-94) | –1.61 | .11 |
| Minnesota Living with HF Questionnaire (0-100) | 31.0 (10.0-40.0; 0-77) | 26.0 (15.0-53.0; 2-97) | –0.39 | .70 |
