Table 3. Bacteria distribution in sputum/induced sputum samples.
| Cases | Overall Cases and Controls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-HIV | HIV | AORa (95%CI) | P value | Pneumonia Cases | Non-Pneumonia Controls | AORb (95%CI) | P value | |
| Total | 146 | 85 | 231 | 173 | ||||
| Acinetobacter spp. | 0 (0) | 1 (1.2) | N/A | 0.112 | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | N/A | 0.284 |
| E. coli | 1 (0.7) | 1 (1.2) | 0.56 (0.03,9.27) | 0.689 | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.6) | 1.52 (0.14,17.12) | 0.729 |
| Enterobacter spp. | 1 (0.7) | 1 (1.2) | 0.62 (0.04,10.19) | 0.739 | 2 (0.9) | 0 (0) | N/A | 0.128 |
| Klebsiella spp. | 9 (6.2) | 5 (5.9) | 0.89 (0.28,2.84) | 0.844 | 14 (6.1) | 1 (0.6) | 10.91 (1.41,84.5) | 0.002 |
| Methylobacterium spp. | 0 (0) | 1 (1.2) | N/A | 0.996 | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | N/A | 0.265 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0 (0) | 5 (5.9) | N/A | 0.992 | 5 (2.2) | 1 (0.6) | 4.32 (0.5,37.61) | 0.129 |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 9 (6.2) | 0 (0) | N/A | 0.99 | 9 (3.9) | 7 (4) | 1.11 (0.4,3.08) | 0.835 |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 4 (2.7) | 3 (3.5) | 0.73 (0.16,3.37) | 0.684 | 7 (3) | 1 (0.6) | 6.72 (0.81,55.88) | 0.078 |
| Streptococcus spp. | 1 (0.7) | 1 (1.2) | 0.48 (0.03,7.85) | 0.609 | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.6) | 1.43 (0.13,16.18) | 0.769 |
N/A: Could not estimate values due to low numbers.
aOdds ratio adjusted for other viral organisms predicting pneumonia in non-HIV patients compared to HIV patients
bOdds ratio adjusted for other viral agents predicting for pneumonia cases compared to controls.