Table 3.

Multinomial logistic regression model of ACEs and alcohol/cannabis use patterns in Puerto Rican Youth using the low-risk use category as a reference category.

	Binge drinking vs low risk	Regular cannabis use vs low risk	Alcohol/cannabis co-use vs low risk

ACEs Waves 1-3
0-1 ACEs	ref	ref	ref
2-3 ACEs	1.16 (0.87-1.54)	1.28 (0.68-2.38)	1.52 (0.80 - 2.89)
4+ ACEs	0.98 (0.71-1.35)	1.96 (1.01-3.78) ^c	2.24 (1.29- 3.89) ^b
Gender, Wave 1
Male	ref	ref	ref
Female	0.75 (0.59-0.95) ^c	0.25 (0.16-0.38) ^a	0.39 (0.25 - 0.60) ^a
Public assistance, Wave 1	0.95 (0.77-1.18)	0.73 (0.49-1.07)	0.72 (0.44 -1.17)
Mother’s years of education, Wave 1	1.00 (0.98-1.01)	0.99 (0.96-1.02)	1.00 (0.97-1.03)
Site, Wave 1
Puerto Rico	ref	ref	ref
South Bronx	1.13 (0.87-1.48)	7.22 (4.26-12.23) ^a	6.04 (3.26 - 11.20) ^a
Age, Wave 4	1.07 (1.02-1.11) ^b	1.17 (1.08 - 1.27) ^a	1.02 (0.95 - 1.10)

Notes: ACEs: Childhood adverse experiences. Regression models were adjusted by sociodemographic characteristics (gender, public assistance, mother’s year of education and site at Wave 1 and age at Wave 4). P values lower than 0.05 were considered statistically significant, a) p value < 0.001, b) p value < 0.01, c) p value < 0.05