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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Mar 22.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Mach Intell. 2023 Mar 20;5(3):294–308. doi: 10.1038/s42256-023-00629-1

Extended Data Table 1 |.

Individual Landmark Error (mm) for hip imaging as a mean of 6-fold individual testing on 366 real hip X-ray images

Sim2Real Real2Real
Mean CI Mean CI
L.FH 5.20 ± 1.66 0.23 3.51 ± 1.53 0.21
R.FH 6.14 ± 4.12 0.60 8.48 ± 4.41 0.64
L.GSN 6.08 ± 2.90 0.38 6.68 ± 4.43 0.58
R.GSN 5.48 ± 2.58 0.35 8.20 ± 3.93 0.55
L.IOF 5.15 ± 2.49 0.34 6.41 ± 8.42 1.20
R.IOF 3.62 ± 3.26 0.45 4.68 ± 4.76 0.67
L.MOF 3.75 ± 2.37 0.30 5.42 ± 3.57 0.46
R.MOF 4.85 ± 2.71 0.35 8.60 ± 4.01 0.51
L.SPS 9.48 ± 2.99 0.35 5.32 ± 4.70 0.55
R.SPS 7.21 ± 2.68 0.34 5.87 ± 5.20 0.62
L.IPS 6.32 ± 2.64 0.34 4.11 ± 2.45 0.31
R.IPS 4.48 ± 1.63 0.21 3.56 ± 1.87 0.23
L.ASIS 6.85 ± 5.02 0.76 12.62 ± 9.47 1.62
R.ASIS 9.05 ± 5.40 0.88 13.50 ± 30.46 5.34
All 5.95 ± 3.52 0.13 6.46 ± 8.21 0.3

CI refers to confidence intervals. They are computed using the 2-tailed z-test with a critical value for a 95% level of confidence (p<0.05). Real2Real refers to training and testing both in real domain datasets. Sim2Real means training in simulation dataset and testing in real dataset.