Table 2.

Median and interquartile range (IQR) of final effect size and its p value across 1,000 simulated sequences of randomized controlled trials.

Scenario	Median effect size	IQR of median effect size	Median p value	IQR of median p value∗
Block vs. no block, baseline	0.78	0.73, 0.83	<0.001	<0.001, <0.001
Block vs. no block, lower alpha	0.78	0.73, 0.83	<0.001	<0.001, <0.001
Block vs. no block, higher power	0.78	0.73, 0.82	<0.001	<0.001, <0.001
Block vs. no block, assumed non-normality	0.78	0.73, 0.83	<0.001	<0.001, <0.001
Block vs. block, baseline	0.30	0.12, 0.37	<0.001	<0.001, 0.509
Block vs. block, lower alpha	0.24	0.13, 0.36	0.082	<0.001, 0.505
Block vs. block, higher power	0.27	0.11, 0.37	0.036	<0.001, 0.558
Block vs. block, assumed non-normality	0.28	0.12, 0.37	0.003	<0.001, 0.533

^∗ P values of ≤0.05 were deemed statistically significant. IQR, interquartile range.