Table 3.

Analysis of factors influencing the reduction in healthcare utilization among individuals with chronic conditions receiving ongoing treatment from 2018 to 2019 to 2020–2021.

Variables (reference)		Point Estimate	95 Wald Confidence Limits		p-value	Point Estimate	95 Wald Confidence Limits		p-value
		(Model 1)				(Model 2)
Sex (Male)	Female	1.04	1.03	1.04	<0.0001	1.04	1.04	1.05	<0.0001
Age (under 40 s)	40 s	0.96	0.94	0.98	0.0593	0.95	0.93	0.98	<0.0001
	50 s	0.94	0.93	0.96	<0.0001	0.96	0.94	0.99	<0.0001
	60 s	0.91	0.90	0.93	<0.0001	0.95	0.93	0.98	<0.0001
	over 70 s	1.01	1.00	1.03	<0.0001	1.06	1.03	1.09	<0.0001
Region (Gyeonggi)	Seoul	0.95	0.95	0.96	<0.0001	0.94	0.93	0.95	<0.0001
	Busan	0.98	0.97	0.98	<0.0001	0.96	0.95	0.97	<0.0001
	Daegu	1.02	1.01	1.02	0.5956	1.01	0.99	1.02	0.1139
	Incheon	1.01	1.00	1.02	0.0353	1.02	1.00	1.04	0.8731
	Gwangju	0.91	0.90	0.92	<0.0001	0.91	0.89	0.94	<0.0001
	Deajeon	1.04	1.03	1.05	0.0002	1.05	1.02	1.07	0.0145
	Ulsan	1.02	1.01	1.04	0.4147	1.04	1.01	1.06	0.1707
	Sejong	1.08	1.05	1.11	<0.0001	1.09	1.03	1.15	0.0085
	Gangwon	1.09	1.08	1.10	<0.0001	1.09	1.07	1.11	<0.0001
	Chungbuk	1.06	1.05	1.07	<0.0001	1.08	1.06	1.10	<0.0001
	Chungnam	1.06	1.05	1.07	<0.0001	1.08	1.06	1.10	<0.0001
	Jeonbuk	1.03	1.02	1.04	0.0134	1.03	1.02	1.05	0.1062
	Jeonnam	1.01	1.00	1.02	0.4759	1.01	0.99	1.03	0.1432
	Geyongbuk	1.06	1.05	1.07	<0.0001	1.06	1.04	1.07	<0.0001
	Gyeongnam	1.01	1.01	1.02	0.3824	1.01	1.00	1.03	0.428
	Jeju	0.98	0.96	0.99	<0.0001	0.98	0.95	1.01	0.004
Insurance Level (Q5)	Medicaid	1.13	1.12	1.14	<0.0001	1.08	1.06	1.09	<0.0001
	Q1	0.99	0.98	0.99	<0.0001	0.97	0.96	0.98	<0.0001
	Q2	0.99	0.99	1.00	<0.0001	0.98	0.97	0.99	<0.0001
	Q3	1.00	0.99	1.00	<0.0001	0.99	0.98	1.00	0.006
	Q4	1.00	0.99	1.00	<0.0001	0.99	0.98	1.00	0.0513
Disability (none)	Yes					1.069	1.058	1.08	1.07
CCI(1)	2					1.056	1.045	1.067	1.06
	3					1.147	1.117	1.178	1.15
Number of family members (1)	2					1.001	0.992	1.011	1.00
	3–4					1.007	0.998	1.017	1.01
	Over 5					0.999	0.987	1.011	1.00