Table 2.
Overview of the clinical affection, radiological findings, and parameters of the coagulation system in patients with VITT-associated CVST and non-VITT at hospital admission and before surgery
| Parameter | VITT-associated CVST (n = 16) | Non-VITT CVST (n = 16) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| mRS at hospital admission, M ± SD (points) | 3.1 ± 2.0 | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 0.072 |
| NIHSS at hospital admission, M ± SD (points) | 12.6 ± 14.2 | 14.8 ± 9.8 | 0.310 |
| NIHSS before surgery, M ± SD (points) | 22.4 ± 11.6 | 21.3 ± 7.9 | 0.974 |
| Change of NIHSS between hospital admission and surgery, M ± SD (points) | 8.5 ± 8.7 | 5.5 ± 6.3 | 0.456 |
| Level of consciousness at hospital admission, n (%) | Awake: 9 (56.3) | Awake: 7 (43.8) | – |
| Somnolence: 1 (6.3) | Somnolence: 1 (6.3) | ||
| Sopor: 1 (6.3) | Sopor: 2 (12.5) | ||
| Coma: 5 (31.3) | Coma: 6 (37.5) | ||
| Level of consciousness before surgery, n (%) | Awake: 1 (6.3) | Awake: 1 (6.3) | – |
| Somnolence: 1 (6.3) | Somnolence: 1 (6.3) | ||
| Sopor: 5 (31.3) | Sopor: 4 (25.0) | ||
| Coma: 9 (56.3) | Coma: 10 (62.5) | ||
| APACHE 2 score at hospital admission, M ± SD (points) | 18.4 ± 9.9 | 13.1 ± 8.6 | 0.238 |
| SAPS 2 at hospital admission, M ± SD (points) | 44.0 ± 20.2 | 31.7 ± 20.6 | 0.123 |
| Patients with midline shift (≥ 4 mm) before surgery, n (%) | 16/16 (100) | 11/16 (68.8) | 0.043 |
| Maximum midline shift before surgery, M ± SD (mm) | 10.6 ± 3.2 | 7.8 ± 6.8 | 0.294 |
| Dilated pupils or anisocoria before surgery, n (%) | 8/16 (50.0) | 8/16 (50) | 1.0 |
| Dilated pupils or anisocoria after surgery, n (%) | 8/16 (50.0) | 3/16 (18.8) | 0.135 |
| Proportion of patients with a period of less than 24 h between hospital admission and DS, n (%) | 10/16 (62.5) | 5/16 (31.3) | 0.078 |
| Platelet count at hospital admission, M ± SD (× 109/l) | 54 ± 46 | 230 ± 57 | < 0.001 |
| Platelet count before surgery, M ± SD (× 109/l) | 57 ± 25 | 253 ± 160 | < 0.001 |
| D-dimer at hospital admission, M ± SD (mg/l) | 30.0 ± 10.7 | 2.9 ± 1.7 | < 0.001 |
| D-dimer before surgery, M ± SD (mg/l) | 29.9 ± 9.9 | 1.7 ± 1.5 | < 0.001 |
| Fibrinogen at hospital admission, M ± SD (g/l) | 2.7 ± 2.7 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 0.237 |
| Fibrinogen before surgery, M ± SD (g/l) | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 3.5 ± 0.8 | 0.041 |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time at hospital admission, M ± SD (s) | 28.0 ± 5.0 | 27.9 ± 11.1 | 0.379 |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time before surgery, M ± SD (s) | 36.8 ± 20.3 | 41.4 ± 21.5 | 0.697 |
| Prothrombin time at hospital admission, M ± SD (%) | 80.0 ± 26.7 | 91.9 ± 17.6 | 0.201 |
| Prothrombin time before surgery, M ± SD (%) | 65.5 ± 20.0 | 83.6 ± 14.7 | 0.020 |
APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, CVST cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, M mean, mRS modified Rankin Scale, NIHSS National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SD standard deviation, VITT vaccine-induced immune thrombosis with thrombocytopenia