Table 2.
Epidemiological, clinical, diagnosis, and therapeutic features of patients with pulmonary actinomycosis from individual case series.
| Author and references | Country, year of publication | Sex/age | Species | Treatment | Surgery or puncture drainage for biopsy | Diagnosis method | Radiologic finding | patient outcome | Additional findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boudaya et al. (44) | Tunisia, 2012 | 36/M | NR | IV penicillin G followed by oxacillin | Biopsy by mediastinotomy | HE | Expansive process parietal and mediastinal involvement and nodes | Recovered | - |
| Boudaya et al. (44) | Tunisia, 2012 | 46/M | NR | IV ampicillin followed by amoxicillin | Left upper lobe wedge resection | HE | Two suspected masses | Recovered | - |
| Boudaya et al. (44) | Tunisia, 2012 | 52/M | NR | Penicillin G followed by amoxicillin | Right lower lobectomy extended to diaphragm | HE | Suspected mass and mediastinal nodes | Recovered | - |
| Boudaya et al. (44) | Tunisia, 2012 | 44/F | NR | IV penicillin G followed by amoxicillin | Left lower lobectomy | HE | Cystic formation | Recovered | - |
| Schweigert et al. (45) | Germany, 2012 | 46/M | NR | Penicillin | Thoracotomy | HE | NR | Recovered | Patient had a history of urinary bladder cancer |
| Schweigert et al. (45) | Germany, 2012 | 58/M | NR | Penicillin | Right-sided thoracotomy | HE | NR | Recovered | Patient had a history of ischemic stroke 1 year previously and suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| Schweigert et al. (45) | Germany, 2012 | 40/M | NR | Penicillin | Middle lobe was resection | HE | CT showed advanced pleural empyema with pleural thickening and extended effusion as well as patchy parenchymal consolidations | Recovered | - |
| Andreani et al. (46) | Italy, 2009 | 68/M | NR | Amoxicillin / Clavulanic acid | Bronchial biopsy | HE | Opacity in right lobe, mediastinal adenopathy, “bronchial tree-in-bud” pattern | Recovered | Vegetables detected as foreign material |
| Andreani et al. (46) | Italy, 2009 | 54/F | NR | NR | Atypical resection | HE | Multiple opacities mimicking pulmonary metastases | Recovered | Patient had a history of breast neoplasm (14 years before) and kidney neoplasm metastases (5 years before) |
| Andreani et al. (46) | Italy, 2009 | 54/F | NR | NR | Lobectomy | HE | Mass-like consolidation mimicking a neoplasm | Recovered | - |
| Andreani et al. (46) | Italy, 2009 | 54/M | NR | NR | Lobectomy | HE | Mass-like consolidation mimicking a neoplasm in the left lower lobe | Recovered | Splenectomy and left atypical lung resection due to injury in motor vehicle crash |
| Andreani et al. (46) | Italy, 2009 | 83/F | NR | Amoxicillin / Clavulanic acid | Transthoracic biopsy | HE | Mass-like consolidation | Recovered | - |
| Endo et al. (47) | Japan, 2002 | 61/M | NR | Penicillin | Partial resection | HE | CT show Low attenuation area, spiculation and pleural thickening | Recovered | - |
| Endo et al. (47) | Japan, 2002 | 83/M | NR | Penicillin | Right lower lobectomy | HE | CT scan shows pleural indentation, low attenuation area, spiculation and pleural thickening | Died | - |
| Endo et al. (47) | Japan, 2002 | 52/M | NR | Erythromycin | Partial resection | HE | CT scan shows low attenuation area, spiculation and pleural thickening | Recovered | - |
| Endo et al. (47) | Japan, 2002 | 44/M | NR | Penicillin | Thoracoscopic partial resection | HE | CT scan shows low attenuation area, pleural indentation, transgression of interlobar fissure and pleural thickening | Recovered | - |
| Endo et al. (47) | Japan, 2002 | 73/F | NR | Penicillin | Lingular segmentectomy | HE | CT scan shows low attenuation area, spiculation and pleural thickening | Recovered | - |
| Endo et al. (47) | Japan, 2002 | 50/M | NR | Penicillin | S2 segmentectomy | HE | CT show spiculation and pleural thickening | Recovered | - |
| Endo et al. (47) | Japan, 2002 | 77/M | NR | NR | Thoracoscopic partial resection | HE | CT show spiculation and pleural indentation | Recovered | - |
| Endo et al. (47) | Japan, 2002 | 50/M | NR | NR | Left upper lobectomy | HE | CT scan shows low attenuation area, spiculation and pleural thickening | Recovered | - |
M, male; F, female; HE, histopathological examination; NR, not reported; PNLH, pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia; PAS, periodic acid-Schiff; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NH, isoniazid; RIF, rifampin; ETB, ethambutol; PZA, pyrazinamidel; EBUS, endobronchial ultrasound.