Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of variables associated with all-cause mortality in PP patients and SP patients with ICDs/CRT-Ds
| Primary prevention patients | ICDs/CRT-Ds implanted secondary prevention patients | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
| Characteristics | Hazard ratio | P -value | Hazard ratio | P -value | Hazard ratio | P -value | Hazard ratio | P -value |
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 1.023 (1.013, 1.032) | < .0001 | 1.025 (1.015, 1.035) | < .0001 | 1.046 (1.031, 1.062) | < .0001 | 1.031 (1.014, 1.048) | 0.0004 |
| Gender male | 0.886 (0.690, 1.139) | 0.3455 | 0.897 (0.691, 1.163) | 0.4107 | 1.708 (1.019, 2.863) | 0.0421 | 1.497 (0.855, 2.621) | 0.1583 |
| Medical History | ||||||||
| NYHA III-IV | 1.664 (1.326, 2.089) | < .0001 | 1.726 (1.322, 2.253) | < .0001 | 2.801 (1.930, 4.066) | < .0001 | 1.410 (0.918, 2.166) | 0.1168 |
| ICM | 1.200 (0.931, 1.548) | 0.1588 | 1.219 (0.928, 1.602) | 0.1556 | 2.156 (1.468, 3.167) | < .0001 | 1.052 (0.679, 1.631) | 0.8199 |
| NICM | 0.834 (0.664, 1.048) | 0.1197 | 1.058 (0.714, 1.570) | 0.7777 | ||||
| Congestive heart failure | 1.695 (1.361, 2.110) | < .0001 | 1.569 (1.246, 1.977) | 0.0001 | 3.436 (2.357, 5.009) | < .0001 | 2.227 (1.466, 3.382) | 0.0002 |
| Syncope | 0.881 (0.554, 1.401) | 0.5923 | 1.153 (0.795, 1.671) | 0.4536 | ||||
| NSVT | 1.313 (1.041, 1.656) | 0.0214 | 0.815 (0.473, 1.404) | 0.4614 | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.047 (0.837, 1.309) | 0.6878 | 1.563 (1.076, 2.270) | 0.0191 | ||||
| Diabetes | 1.283 (1.017, 1.618) | 0.0358 | 1.280 (1.007, 1.626) | 0.0435 | 1.951 (1.311, 2.903) | 0.001 | ||
| Myocardial infarction | 1.258 (1.006, 1.572) | 0.044 | 2.272 (1.562, 3.303) | < .0001 | 1.672 (1.083, 2.582) | 0.0203 | ||
| Left Buddle Branch Block | 0.792 (0.605, 1.036) | 0.0891 | 1.413 (0.738, 2.707) | 0.297 | ||||
| PR interval | 1.003 (1.001, 1.006) | 0.0086 | 1.003 (0.999, 1.007) | 0.1413 | ||||
| QRS duration | 1.001 (0.997, 1.004) | 0.7099 | 1.007 (1.003, 1.011) | 0.0016 | ||||
| LVEF | 0.950 (0.933, 0.968) | < .0001 | 0.951 (0.934, 0.970) | < .0001 | 0.954 (0.941, 0.968) | < .0001 | 0.978 (0.961, 0.995) | 0.0127 |
| Therapy | ||||||||
| Antiarrhythmics excluding beta blockers | 1.502 (1.206, 1.870) | 0.0003 | 1.287 (1.016, 1.630) | 0.0366 | 1.777 (1.210, 2.611) | 0.0034 | ||
| Beta blockers | 0.768 (0.604, 0.977) | 0.0319 | 1.050 (0.717, 1.538) | 0.7014 | ||||
| ACEI/ARB | 0.662 (0.527, 0.832) | 0.0004 | 0.711 (0.561, 0.901) | 0.0048 | 1.066 (0.736, 1.546) | 0.7343 | 0.555 (0.375, 0.822) | 0.0033 |
| Diuretics | 1.613 (1.136, 2.292) | 0.0076 | 3.612 (2.396, 5.445) | < 0.0001 | 2.132 (1.343, 3.384) | 0.0013 | ||
| ICD implanted | 0.840 (0.647, 1.090) | 0.1901 | 0.652 (0.495, 0.860) | 0.0024 | - | - | ||
| CRT-D implanted | 0.627 (0.473, 0.832) | 0.0012 | 0.417 (0.308, 0.564) | < .0001 | 1.669 (1.029, 2.707) | 0.038 | ||
| Region | ||||||||
| Southeast Asia | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||
| East Asia | 0.973 (0.779, 1.216) | 0.8111 | 0.561 (0.416, 0.756) | 0.0002 | 0.515 (0.355, 0.748) | 0.0005 | ||
| South Asia | 0.709 (0.541, 0.930) | 0.0129 | 1.341 (0.840, 2.140) | 0.2183 | ||||
| Latin America | 1.106 (0.678, 1.805) | 0.6856 | 2.093 (1.122, 3.903) | 0.0202 | 2.014 (1.047, 3.874) | 0.036 | ||
| Europe | 0.509 (0.190, 1.365) | 0.1795 | 0.680 (0.168, 2.750) | 0.5881 | ||||
| Middle East and Africa | 1.439 (0.808, 2.562) | 0.2164 | 3.769 (2.022, 7.027) | < 0.0001 | 3.684 (1.876, 7.237) | 0.0002 | ||
Abbreviations: ICD implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, CRT-D cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator, PP primary prevention, SP secondary prevention, NYHA New York Heart Association, ICM ischaemic cardiomyopathy, NICM non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, NSVT non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, ACEI/ARB angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker