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. 2024 Mar 22;55:35. doi: 10.1186/s13567-024-01295-w

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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The effect of the combination of PMAP-36 and tetracycline on drug resistance in PCN033. PCN033 (1 × 10⁶ CFU) was incubated with different concentrations of PMAP-36, tetracycline (1/32 MIC), or tetracycline (1/32 MIC) + PMAP-36 (1/32 MIC) for 6 h at 37 °C, after which the mRNA levels of tetB were analysed by qPCR (A, B). PCN033 was exposed to sub-MICs of PMAP-36 and tetracycline at 37 °C for 30 generations, and the change in MIC was determined by normalizing the MIC of the n generation to the MIC of the first generation (C). Statistical significance is indicated by *p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.001 (Student’s t test).