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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Stud Fam Plann. 2024 Feb 13;55(1):45–59. doi: 10.1111/sifp.12257

TABLE 2.

Latent class model fit statistics, by number of latent classes specified a priori.

Model s Smallest Class LL χ2 LRT (p-value) AIC BIC Entropy LMR LRT (p-value)
2-Class 13 25.2% −2925.176 380.100 (p<0.001) 5876.352 5945.302 0.986 4720.759 (p<0.001)
3-Class 20 19.3% –2574.770 118.306 (p<0.001) 5189.540 5294.616 0.952 687.268 (p=0.222)
4-Class 27 6.4% −2510.023 58.630 (p=0.010) 5074.047 5217.250 0.963 127.009 (p=0.439)
5-Class 34 1.8% −2491.300 40.421 (p=0.077) 5050.601 5230.931 0.967 36.937 (p=0.545)

Notes: s = number of free parameters estimated; LL = log likelihood; χ2 = Chi-square likelihood ratio test; AIC = Akaike Information Criterion; BIC = Bayesian Information Criterion; LMR LRT = Lo-Mendell-Rubin likelihood ratio test. Goodness-of-fit indices should be interpreted relative to each other, with a best-fitting LCA model supported by one or more of the following conditions: predicted prevalence of the smallest class >10%, the smallest relative AIC and BIC values, entropy > 0.8, and rejection of the null hypothesis (p<0.05) for the χ2 and LMR LRT.