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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Ren Nutr. 2023 Nov 8;34(2):95–104. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2023.10.007

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Volcano plot of false discovery rate p-values and hazard ratios for the association between dietary protein-related metabolites and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression

The horizontal line represents the false discovery rate (FDR) threshold (0.05) for statistical significance. The vertical line is set at a hazard ratio of 1.

Abbreviations: FDR, false discovery rate; GPE, glycerophosphoethanolamine; HR, hazard ratio.