Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants aged 45 years and older by CM status in 2011
| Total (n = 16,754) | non-CM (n = 16,194) | CM (n = 560) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 59.41 ± 9.88 | 59.27 ± 9.86 | 63.41 ± 9.49 | < 0.001 |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.003 | |||
| Female | 8577 (51.23) | 8256 (51.02) | 321 (57.42) | |
| Male | 8165 (48.77) | 7927 (48.98) | 238 (42.58) | |
| Education | 0.506 | |||
| ≤ 6 years | 14,584 (87.15) | 14,102 (87.18) | 482 (86.23) | |
| > 6 years | 2150 (12.85) | 2073 (12.82) | 77 (13.77) | |
| Marital status | 0.286 | |||
| Married | 14,604 (87.17) | 14,125 (87.22) | 479 (85.69) | |
| Non-married | 2149 (12.83) | 2069 (12.78) | 80 (14.31) | |
| Residential location | < 0.001 | |||
| Rural | 12,409 (75.30) | 12,104 (75.93) | 305 (56.69) | |
| Urban | 4070 (24.70) | 3837 (24.07) | 233 (43.31) | |
| Smoking | < 0.001 | |||
| Current non-smokers | 11,398 (70.62) | 10,958 (70.26) | 440 (80.88) | |
| Current smokers | 4743 (29.38) | 4639 (29.74) | 104 (19.12) | |
| Alcohol consumption | < 0.001 | |||
| Occasional drinkers | 13,735 (88.13) | 13,224 (87.89) | 511 (94.81) | |
| Habitual drinkers | 1850 (11.87) | 1822 (12.11) | 28 (5.19) | |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 23.39 ± 3.65 | 23.31 ± 3.61 | 25.53 ± 3.93 | < 0.001 |
| NCDs | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 10,915 (65.62) | 10,397 (64.67) | 518 (92.83) | |
| No | 5719 (34.38) | 5679 (35.33) | 40 (7.17) | |
| Depressive symptoms | < 0.001 | |||
| No depressive symptoms | 9238 (62.96) | 9014 (63.55) | 224 (45.90) | |
| Depressive symptoms | 5434 (37.04) | 5170 (36.45) | 264 (54.10) | |
| Total (ADL + IADL) disabilities | 0.84 ± 1.97 | 0.80 ± 1.90 | 2.2 ± 3.17 | < 0.001 |
Notes Data are presented as mean (standard deviations) or number (proportion %). CM, cardiometabolic multimorbidity; BMI, body mass index; NCDs, non-communicable diseases; ADL, activities of daily living; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living. Missing values: 5 missing in age, 12 missing in sex, 20 missing in education, 275 missing in residential location, 613 missing in smoking, 1169 missing in alcohol consumption, 3755 missing in BMI, 524 missing in NCDs, 2082 missing in depressive symptoms