Table 1.

Current Clinical Trials Addressing Symptom Management in Haemodialysis Patients

Study	Patient Population	Intervention	Outcome
Roumelioti et al 201878	150 adult haemodialysis patients from Pennsylvania and New Mexico	Two-site parallel group randomised controlled trial comparing a 12-week stepped collaborative care intervention [includes Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)] with a control arm of technology-delivered health education. The delivery of CBT will be with live videoconferencing.	Patient symptoms, health-related quality of life, treatment adherence and inflammatory biomarkers,
Johnson et al 202079	Participants from eligible (in-centre haemodialysis with clinicians able to review patient-reported data) haemodialysis units in Alberta and Ontario.	Multi-centre randomised controlled trial to evaluate the use of disease-specific and generic patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). The patients will be randomised to one of four groups: 1) complete a dialysis specific PROM, 2) complete a generic PROM, 3) complete both types of PROMs, 4) receive usual care with no PROMs.	The primary outcome is improvement in patient-provider communication with secondary outcomes of patient symptom management, use of healthcare service and cost-effectiveness.
Unruh et al 202080	126 adult participants treated with haemodialysis in community-based facilities in Seattle and Alburquerque with chronic insomnia	Patients will be randomised 1:1:1 over 31 months to either a 6- week treatment with CBT, trazodone, or placebo.	Short term improvement in insomnia at 6 weeks and long-term effectiveness at 25 weeks.
Greenham et al 202281	Up to 2400 adult haemodialysis participants from 143 satellite haemodialysis centres in Australia and New Zealand.	Registry-based cluster randomised controlled trial to determine the clinical and cost effectiveness of symptom monitoring using the Integrated Palliative Outcome Scale-Renal (IPOS-Renal) survey. Patients in the intervention arm will complete the IPOS-renal survey 3-monthly over a 12-month period.	Change in health-related quality of life as measured by the EQ-5D-5L and compared between the intervention and control arm. Secondary outcomes are dialysis withdrawal, overall survival, fatigue, cause-specific mortality, symptom severity, haemodialysis duration and adequacy and cost-effectiveness,