Table 4. The Framingham diagnostic criteria of heart failure.
| Major criteria | Minor criteria |
| • Acute pulmonary edema | • Ankle edema |
| • Cardiomegaly | • Dyspnea on exertion |
| • Hepatojugular reflux | • Hepatomegaly |
| • Neck vein distention | • Nocturnal cough |
| • Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea or orthopnea | • Pleural effusion |
| • Pulmonary rales | • Tachycardia (heart rate greater than 120 beats per minute) |
| • Third heart sound (S3 gallop) |
* Modified from reference 103. Diagnosis of heart failure requires the presence of two major criteria or one major and two minor criteria.