Table 1.

Descriptive statistics and normality tests of the dependent variables.

Variables	Mean	Median	Variance	Standard Deviation	Range	Skewness	Kurtosis	Shapiro-Wilk Test
Baseline Loneliness	1.85	1.73	0.37	0.61	2.15	0.39, SE = 0.40	−0.77, SE = 0.79	W(34) = 0.96, p = 0.266
Post-study Loneliness	1.65	1.58	0.33	0.57	2.60	1.52, SE = 0.40	2.86, SE = 0.79	W(34) = 0.86, p < 0.001
Baseline Social Support	5.44	5.54	1.11	1.05	4.33	−0.65, E = 0.40	0.15, SE = 0.79	W(34) = 0.94, p = 0.072
Post-study Social Support	5.65	6	1.45	1.20	5.75	−1.58, E = 0.40	3.89, SE = 0.79	W(34) = 0.87, p = 0.001