Table 3.
Overall complication severity grading and counts of key complications and further interventions
| All randomized participants continuing in follow-up | Open surgery (n = 261) | Hybrid surgery (n = 258) |
|---|---|---|
| Clavien–Dindo classification of complications | ||
| Normal recovery, no complications | 85 (33) | 84 (33) |
| Grade I (minor deviation from normal course) | 26 (10) | 25 (10) |
| Grade II (pharmaceutical intervention) | 62 (24) | 67 (26) |
| Grade IIIa/IIIb (invasive intervention) | 56 (21) | 55 (21) |
| Grade IVa/IVb (life-threatening) | 28 (11) | 23 (9) |
| Grade V (death of patient) | 4 (2) | 4 (2) |
| P for trend (ordered logistic regression) | 0.783 | |
| Key postoperative complications (any severity) within 30 days of surgery | ||
| Oesophagoenteric leak from anastomosis, staple line, or localized conduit necrosis | 21 (8) | 21 (8) |
| Conduit necrosis/failure | 7 (3) | 1 |
| Chyle leak | 10 (4) | 11 (4) |
| Pneumonia/chest infection | 91 (35) | 85 (33) |
| Bleeding requiring intervention or transfusion | 6 (2) | 2 (1) |
| Further intervention | ||
| Unexpected return to ITU/HDU during index hospitalization | 35 (13) | 30 (12) |
| Re-intervention requiring general anaesthetic during index hospitalization | 42 (16) | 49 (19) |
| Re-intervention requiring general anaesthetic within 90 days of surgery | 43 (16) | 49 (19) |
Values are n (%). Counts are of patients who may have experienced more than one complication/intervention of a given type.