Table 2.
Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) (%) Assumptions by Vaccine, Outcome, and Age Group.
| Disease outcomes by vaccine and serotype | <12 months (range) e | ≥12 months (range) |
|---|---|---|
| PCV13 | ||
| IPD, PCV13 serotypes (+6C, −3, −19F) a | 65 (58–70) | 86 (76–92) |
| IPD, serotype 3 a | 20 (0–52) | 26 (0–68) |
| IPD, serotype 19F a | 57 (28–68) | 75 (37–90) |
| Pneumonia, PCV13 serotypes (+6C, −3, −19F) b | 39 (35–42) | 52 (46–55) |
| Pneumonia, serotype 3 b | 12 (0–31) | 16 (0–41) |
| Pneumonia, serotype 19F b | 34 (17–41) | 45 (22–54) |
| AOM, PCV13 serotypes (+6C, −3, −19F) c | 41 (31–48) | 54 (41–64) |
| AOM, serotype 3 c | 12 (9–15) | 16 (12–19) |
| AOM, serotype 19F c | 36 (27–42) | 47 (36–56) |
| PCV15 d | ||
| IPD, PCV15 unique serotypes (22F, 33F) | 65 (58–70) | 86 (76–92) |
| Pneumonia, PCV15 unique serotypes (22F, 33F) | 39 (35–42) | 52 (46–55) |
| AOM, PCV15 unique serotypes (22F, 33F) | 41 (31–48) | 54 (41–64) |
Abbreviations: PCV13: 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, PCV15: 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, AOM: acute otitis media, IPD: invasive pneumococcal disease.
VE of PCV13 against IPD due to serotype 3 and serotype 19F were obtained from Andrews et al. 2014 while VE against IPD due to remaining PCV13 serotypes were obtained from Moore et al. 2016.
VE of PCV13 against pneumonia were estimated by applying to ratio of VE against IPD to VE against pneumonia (75%: 45%) observed in the CAPiTA trial to VE against IPD estimates used in this study.
VE of PCV13 against AOM was obtained from Escola et al. 2001. To account for lower VE against AOM due to serotype 3 and 19F, the ratio of VE estimates against IPD by serotype were applied to the VE against vaccine-type AOM estimate.
The VE of PCV15 against serotypes 23F and 33F was assumed to be the same as the VE of PCV13 against serotypes other than 3 and 19F.
During the first year of life when children receive up to 3 PCV doses, we estimated that children would have 75.6% of the full VE, informed from a study by Whitney et al. 2006 in which VE was 0% for the first 2 months, 73% for the next 2 months after dose 1, 96% for the next two months after dose 2, and 95% after dose 3 for the last 6 months.