Table 3.
Cost and Quality-Adjusted Life-Year (QALY) Inputs Used in the Cost-Effectiveness Model.
| Disease outcome | Medical cost, $ a | Nonmedical cost, $ | QALY Decrement, $ d |
|---|---|---|---|
| AOM | 80 (64–95) | 228b | 0.0016 (0–0.1461) |
| Tympanostomy tube insertion | 3449 (2759–4138) | 228b | 0.0016 (0–0.1461) |
| Outpatient Pneumonia | 335 (268–402) | 420b | 0.0004 (0.0001–0.0329) |
| Inpatient Pneumonia | 10,475 (8380–12570) | 562b | 0.0105 (0.0001–0.0155) |
| Non-meningitis IPD | 18,339 (14671–22007) | 562b | 0.0016 (0.0013–0.007) |
| Meningitis IPD | 24,544 (19635–29453) | 2947b | 0.0165 (0.0001–0.0166) |
| Disability | 246,563 (197250–295875) | 1,273,447c | 0.2456 (0.16–0.49) |
| Deafness | 46,195 (36956–55434) | 525,465c | 0.2137 (0.07–0.72) |
Abbreviations: PCV13: 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, PCV15: 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, AOM: acute otitis media, IPD: invasive pneumococcal disease.
a
Medical costs were from MarketScan data inflated to 2021 US dollars using the Consumer Price Index for medical care.
b
From Ray et al. 2006.
c
From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2004.
d
QALY decrements are from Tang et al. 2021 with the exception of tympanostomy tube insertions which are from Delgleeize et al. 2016.