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. 2024 Mar 25;19(3):e0300051. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300051

Fig 5. The intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 cells subjected to CGEtOAc, sorafenib, and their combination for 24 h.

Fig 5

(A) Cellular ROS levels were analyzed using H2DCFDA fluorescence labeling and visualized under a fluorescence microscope with a magnification bar of 50 μM. (B) Bar graph displaying the percentage of ROS generation. Cells treated with 0.8% DMSO represented the vehicle control. The significant differences in data, presented as the mean ± SD from at least three different experiments, were investigated with a one-way ANOVA using Tukey’s HSD test: *; p < 0.05 compared to the vehicle control. a; p < 0.05 compared to a single CGEtOAc treatment. b; p < 0.05 compared to a single sorafenib treatment. c; p < 0.05 compared to a combination treatment of CGEtOAc and sorafenib.