Fig 7. The combination of CGEtOAc and sorafenib downregulated the expression of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt)/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway after the incubation of HepG2 cells for 24 h.

(A-B) Representative western blot images, bar graph, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the relative expression levels of (A-C) PI3K, (D-F) Akt, and (G-I) mTOR. Cells treated with 0.8% DMSO represented the vehicle control. The significant differences in data, presented as the mean ± SD from at least three different experiments, were investigated with a one-way ANOVA using Tukey’s HSD test: *; p < 0.05 compared to the vehicle control. ^a; p < 0.05 compared to a single CGEtOAc treatment. ^b; p < 0.05 compared to a single sorafenib treatment.