TABLE 2.

Levels of individual microbial bile salt conjugates in human biosamples

Study	Sample type	LeuCA (nmol/L)	LeuCDCA (nmol/L)	PheCA (nmol/L)	PheCDCA (nmol/L)	TyrCA (nmol/L)	TyrCDCA (nmol/L)	Total bile salts
FOCUS	SMV (n=10)	1/1 [3.4]	0/0	0/0	0/0	1/0	0/0	35.9 µmol/L [5.8–266]
	IMV (n=10)	1/1 [2.5]	1/1 [1.7]	0/0	1/0	0/0	0/0	15.3 µmol/L [3.1–220]
	PV (n=10)	0/0	0/0	0/0	1/0	0/0	0/0	28.6 µmol/L [5.6–216]
	bile (n=14)	7/7 498 [71–2163]	10/9 411 [65–5111]	4/3 1061 [473–2628]	8/5 464 [88–1327]	1/0	0/0	33.8 mmol/L [2.3–370]
	urine (n=14)	0/0	0/0	0/0	0/0	0/0	0/0	9.5 µmol/L [2.0–158]
RESCUE	CV (n=8)	0/0	0/0	0/0	0/0	0/0	0/0	1.5 µmol/L [0.4–3.4]
	Jejunal chyme (n=8)	8/8 10.2 [1.1–56.4]	8/7 6.5 [0.8–31.0]	8/8 39.8 [3.9–101.3]	8/7 13.1 [1.6–56.4]	5/8 4.4 [2.6–7.0]	6/8 6.0 [2.9–11.9]	4.4 mmol/L [0.8–7.3]

Notes: The first data entry in columns of individual MBSCs states the number of samples in which the particular MBSC could be detected and quantified, respectively. The limit of detection was 0.31 nmol/L for Leu-based MBSCs and 0.63 nmol/L for the other MBSCs. The limit of quantification was 0.63 nmol/L for Leu-based MBSCs and 1.25 nmol/L for the other MBSCs.

If quantification was feasible, the second data entry provides absolute values, presented as median and—if applicable—[range] (third entry). Note that total bile salt levels in plasma and bile/chyme are in micromolar and millimolar units, respectively, and are depicted as median [range]. Abbreviations: CV, cubital vein; IMV, inferior mesenteric vein; LeuCA, leucocholic acid; LeuCDCA, leucochenodeoxycholic acid; MBSC, microbial bile salt conjugate; PheCA, phenylalanocholic acid; PheCDCA, Phenylalanochenodeoxycholic acid; PV, portal vein; SMV, superior mesenteric vein; TyrCA, tyrosocholic acid; TyrCDCA, tyrosochenodeoxycholic acid.