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. 2024 Jan 16;8(3):493–509. doi: 10.1038/s41562-023-01787-3

Table 2.

Between-group effect sizes of depressive and anxiety symptoms for transdiagnostic treatments compared to control groups at posttreatment

Depression Anxiety
k g P LL UL I2 Q P k g P LL UL I2 Q P
TD-CBT (all treatment formats) versus Control 63 0.74 <0.001 0.57 0.92 88.29 344.96 <0.001 61 0.77 <0.001 0.56 0.97 91.72 398.55 <0.001
DS-CBT 9 0.09 0.269 -0.07 0.25 53.96 17.82 0.023 9 0.09 0.091 −0.01 0.20 5.79 12.56 0.128
TAU 18 0.90 <0.001 0.66 1.14 77.28 61.55 <0.001 17 0.98 <0.001 0.63 1.33 89.75 101.68 <0.001
Other 13 0.27 <0.001 0.13 0.42 0.010 13.76 0.316 13 0.14 0.128 −0.04 0.31 17.67 15.33 0.224
WL 23 1.23 <0.001 0.80 1.66 92.85 124.8 <0.001 22 1.24 <0.001 0.82 1.67 92.26 122.48 <0.001
Individual TD-CBT versus Control 18 0.90 <0.001 0.57 1.23 75.88 68.17 <0.001 17 1.09 <0.001 0.62 1.56 87.16 98.86 <0.001
DS-CBT – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
TAU 4 1.08 <0.001 0.73 1.43 0 3.11 0.374 3 1.33 0.002 0.49 2.16 74.24 7.23 0.027
Other 5 0.49 0.011 0.11 0.86 25.73 5.99 0.200 5 0.25 0.187 −0.12 0.62 26.40 5.28 0.259
WL 7 1.40 <0.001 0.87 1.93 71.24 23.89 <0.001 7 1.71 <0.001 0.87 2.55 87.80 34.67 <0.001
Group-based TD-CBT versus Control 24 0.87 <0.001 0.41 1.32 96.09 167.38 <0.001 23 0.76 <0.001 0.32 1.20 95.56 188.36 <0.001
DS-CBT 3 0.16 0.307 −0.15 0.48 59.79 4.98 0.083 3 0.14 0.331 −0.14 0.41 49.59 3.69 0.158
TAU 8 0.94 <0.001 0.49 1.40 88.94 39.16 <0.001 8 1.04 0.003 0.36 1.73 95.08 68.66 <0.001
Other 6 0.23 0.017 0.04 0.41 0.010 5.50 0.358 6 0.07 0.669 −0.24 0.37 49.27 9.49 0.091
WL 7 1.88 0.027 0.21 3.55 98.14 84.02 <0.001 6 1.52 0.033 0.12 2.92 96.85 66.10 <0.001
Internet-based TD-CBT versus Control 21 0.61 <0.001 0.42 0.80 78.45 101.63 <0.001 21 0.58 <0.001 0.39 0.78 79.16 97.35 <0.001
DS-CBT 4 0.08 0.563 −0.18 0.33 70.37 11.37 0.010 4 0.03 0.662 −0.11 0.17 0 0.47 0.925
TAU 6 0.79 <0.001 0.46 1.12 69.03 15.73 0.008 6 0.76 <0.001 0.43 1.09 69.15 16.09 0.007
Other – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
WL 9 0.86 <0.001 0.72 1.01 0 7.89 0.444 9 0.83 <0.001 0.66 1.00 20.87 11.07 0.198

k = number of comparisons; LL = lower limit of 95% CI; UL = upper limit of 95% CI. I2 values are reported as percentage (%). Comparisons with k < 3 studies are not reported.