Table 2.
Changes in blood serum protein concentrations between baseline and the follow‐up for pwMS with worsening in disability measures.
| Endpoint | Biomarker | Baseline median (IQR) | Follow‐up median (IQR) | Percentage Change (%) | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EDSS worsening | CCL20 | 11.5 (6.12, 19.3) | 15.9 (10.3, 41.5) | 38 | 0.041 |
| CDCP1 | 108 (81.9, 126) | 135 (86.7, 180) | 25 | 0.005 | |
| TNFSF13B | 4.82 (4.0, 5.95) | 5.19 (4.51, 6.27) | 7.6 | 0.008 | |
| 20% 9HPT worsening | CCL20 | 12.4 (7.68, 19.1) | 28.1 (13.9, 42.0) | 130 | 0.027 |
| CDCP1 | 110 (105, 125) | 144 (112, 193) | 31 | 0.003* | |
| CXCL13 | 51.7 (37.8, 78.1) | 61.9 (51.0, 103) | 20 | 0.012 | |
| CXCL9 | 55.7 (39.1, 77.8) | 69.1 (43.9, 101) | 24 | 0.042 | |
| OPN | 20.9 (16.6, 30.6) | 25.2 (19.4, 33.5) | 20 | 0.042 | |
| TNFRSF10A | 5.61 (4.66, 7.65) | 7.71 (6.51, 8.5) | 37 | 0.005* | |
| VCAN | 428 (393, 473) | 500 (460, 571) | 17 | 0.007* | |
| 4 Points SDMT Worsening | MOG | 29.9 (23.0, 38.5) | 32.0 (25.2, 43.4) | 6.9 | 0.027 |
| 8 Points SDMT Worsening | SERPINA9 | 61.3 (34.3, 77.4) | 32.1 (16.1, 59.3) | −48 | 0.01 |
| %0.4 loss in WBV | CDCP1 | 105 (66.3, 132) | 107 (83.7, 147) | 1.5 | 0.014 |
| 3.5% increase in LVV | SERPINA9 | 73.0 (57.1, 89.5) | 64.4 (38.2, 76.6) | −12 | 0.049 |
For the list of biomarker, abbreviations refer to Table S8. Wilcoxon signed‐rank tested the significance in shifts. p‐values smaller than 0.05 were considered significant and are highlighted with bold fonts, and those with asterisks (*) survived the Benjamini–Hochberg correction for false discovery rate (FDR). All measures are shown as pg/mL except for TNFSF13B and OPN that are shown as ng/mL.
EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; LVV, Lateral Ventricular Volume; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test; WBV, whole brain volume; 9HPT, 9‐Hole Peg Test.