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. 2024 Jan 18;68(4):701–717. doi: 10.1007/s00484-023-02616-y

Table 2.

Results from the comparison between station, instrumental and model data. Pre-industrial control (piControl) model data represent an average from resampling the data over 100 random 50-year sections to represent the same length of the CRU time series. The trend and total warming are calculated for the 50-year period represented by all datasets (1961–2010)

Temperature dataset Time period Mean (°C) Standard deviation Trend 1961–2010 (°C/decade) Total warming 1961–2010
Instrumental
 CFC station 1911–2020 3.84 1.54 0.334 +1.64
 CFC CRU 1901–2020 3.79 1.62 0.311 +1.52
 MEF station 1961–2020 3.82 1.76 0.414 +2.03
 MEF CRU 1901–2020 3.82 1.62 0.311 +1.52
CMIP6 model
 Ensemble mean 1850–2014 4.01 0.51 0.339 +1.66
 PiControl 1850–2550 3.56 1.44 −0.01 −0.05