Table 2.
Baseline sociodemographic characteristics of adolescent mothers (N = 247)
| Characteristic | Intervention (n = 142) | Control (n = 105) |
|---|---|---|
| Mean age (years) | 17.6 | 17.5 |
| Age range (years) | 15–18 | 15–18 |
| Race: Black | 100% (142) | 100% (105) |
| Ethnicity | ||
| Shona | 97.2% (138) | 87.6% (92) |
| Ndebele | 1.4% (2) | 3.8% (4) |
| Other | 1.4% (2) | 8.6% (9) |
| Marital status | ||
| Never married | 27.5% (39) | 23.8% (25) |
| Married monogamous | 39.4% (56) | 63.8% (67) |
| Married polygamous | 7.0% (10) | 2.9% (3) |
| Divorced | 25.4% (36) | 9.5% (10) |
| Widowed | 0.7% (1) | – |
| Education | ||
| Primary (grade 1–7) | 7.8% (11) | 9.5% (10) |
| High school (form 1–4) | 91.6% (130) | 88.6% (93) |
| High school (form 5–6) | 0.7% (1) | 1.9% (2) |
| Religion | ||
| Apostolic | 17.6% (25) | 15.2% (16) |
| Catholic | 13.4% (19) | 14.3% (15) |
| Protestant | 10.6% (15) | 21.0% (22) |
| Pentecostal | 55.6% (79) | 44.8% (47) |
| Traditional | 2.1% (3) | 1.9% (2) |
| Muslim | 0.7% (1) | 2.9% (3) |
| Income source | ||
| None | 53.5% (76) | 47.6% (50) |
| Formally employed | 1.4% (2) | 1.9% (2) |
| Self-employed | 21.8% (31) | 17.1% (18) |
| Dependent | – | 1.0% (1) |
| Other | 20.4% (29) | 32.4% (34) |
| Casual labor | 2.1% (3) | – |
| Missing | 0.7% (1) | – |
| Had a previous pregnancy | 91.6% (130) | 69.5% (73) |
| Mean number of pregnancies (SD) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.3) |
| Has other children | 71.8% (102) | 63.8% (67) |
| Mean number of other children (SD) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) |
| Year last child was born | ||
| 2014 | 2.0% (2) | – |
| 2015 | 5.9% (6) | 1.5% (1) |
| 2016 | 13.7% (14) | – |
| 2017 | 38.25% (39) | 14.9% (10) |
| 2018 | 34.3% (35) | 65.7% (44) |
| 2019 | 4.9% (5) | 17.9% (12) |
| Missing | 1.0% (1) | – |
| Location of last born’s birth | ||
| Home | 2.9% (3) | 3.0% (2) |
| Clinic | 52.9% (54) | 55.2% (37) |
| Hospital | 44.1% (45) | 41.8% (28) |
| Currently pregnant | 16.9% (24) | 35.2% (37) |
| Family knows of current pregnancy | 87.5% (21) | 91.9% (34) |
| Mean months pregnant | 5.2 (2.2) | 6.1 (1.9) |
| Attended an ANC visit | 45.8% (11) | 91.9% (34) |
| Mean month pregnant when attended first ANC visit | 5.8 (2.0) | 5.3 (1.7) |
| Average # of ANC visits | 1.4 (0.9) | 1.8 (0.9) |
| ANC frequency | ||
| Every 2 weeks | – | 2.7% (1) |
| Every month | 29.2% (7) | 48.7% (18) |
| Other | 16.7% (4) | 40.5% (15) |
| N/A | 54.2% (13) | 2.7% (1) |
| Missing | – | 5.4% (2) |
| Has a cell phone | 69.0% (98) | 60.0% (63) |
| Uses WhatsApp | 41.6% (59) | 44.8% (47) |