Table 1.

Anatomical details detected by nasal computed tomography in optimizing precision rhinoplasty, clinical applicability and surgical modificationsAnatomical feature

Anatomical Feature	Preoperative finding	Measurements required	Surgical modification	Specific measurements required	Clinical Outcome
Nasal septum	Deviations, spur	Septum thickness, deviation angle	Straightening, reinforcement	Septum thickness, deviation angle	Improved airflow, symmetry
Nasal bones	Deviations, fractures	Bone length, deviation degree	Osteotomy, realignment	Bone length, deviation degree	Stabilized structure, aesthetics
Nasal cartilages	Weak tip support	Cartilage strength, tip projection	Tip refinement, support	Cartilage strength, tip projection	Enhanced tip definition
Turbinates	Hypertrophy	Turbinate size, degree of hypertrophy	Reduction, resection	Turbinate size, degree of hypertrophy	Reduced obstruction, better airflow
Nasal soft tissues	Irregularities	Skin thickness, soft tissue volume	Camouflage, smoothing	Skin thickness, soft tissue volume	Uniform contour, aesthetics
Alar base and nasal ligaments	Wide alar base	Alar base width, ligament positions	Base reduction	Alar base width, ligament positions	Narrowed base, improved proportions
Nasal dorsum and radix	Dorsal hump	Dorsum height, radix depth	Dorsal reduction, augmentation	Dorsum height, radix depth	Smooth dorsal aesthetic line
Nasal tip and columella	Poor definition	Tip projection, columella length	Tip definition, support	Tip projection, columella length	Defined tip, better projection
Nasal airways	Narrow valves	Valve angle, airway diameter	Valve widening	Valve angle, airway diameter	Improved nasal breathing