| Gender |
|
|
|
|
0.720 |
0.698 |
| Male |
241 (64.27%) |
84 (67.20%) |
78 (62.40%) |
79 (63.20%) |
|
|
| Female |
134 (35.73%) |
41 (32.80%) |
47 (37.60%) |
46 (36.80%) |
|
|
| Age, yrs |
63.23 ± 10.73 |
63.98 ± 11.29 |
63.26 ± 10.43 |
62.44 ± 10.48 |
0.640 |
0.528 |
| Height, cm |
167.95 ± 7.90 |
168.06 ± 8.17 |
168.12 ± 7.58 |
167.66 ± 8.00 |
0.121 |
0.886 |
| Weight, kg |
69.89 ± 11.69 |
67.70 ± 12.18 |
71.78 ± 11.01 |
70.20 ± 11.59 |
3.937 |
0.020 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2
|
24.69 ± 3.18 |
23.86 ± 3.25 |
25.33 ± 3.01 |
24.87 ± 3.12 |
7.239 |
0.001 |
| Hypertension |
202 (53.87%) |
60 (48.00%) |
70 (56.00%) |
72 (57.60%) |
2.661 |
0.264 |
| Hyperlipemia |
62 (16.53%) |
15 (12.00%) |
17 (13.60%) |
30 (24.00%) |
7.691 |
0.021 |
| Diabetes mellitus |
63 (16.80%) |
8 (6.40%) |
18 (14.40%) |
37 (29.60%) |
24.840 |
< 0.001 |
| Coronary heart disease |
113 (30.13%) |
33 (26.40%) |
42 (33.60%) |
38 (30.40%) |
1.545 |
0.462 |
| Duration of AF, yrs |
|
|
|
|
2.530 |
0.282 |
| ≥ 5 |
47 (12.53%) |
17 (13.60%) |
19 (15.20%) |
11 (8.80%) |
|
|
| < 5 |
328 (87.47%) |
108 (86.40%) |
106 (84.80%) |
114 (91.20%) |
|
|
| AF type |
|
|
|
|
0.625 |
0.732 |
| Paroxysmal AF |
227 (60.53%) |
79 (63.20%) |
73 (58.40%) |
75 (60.00%) |
|
|
| Persistent AF |
148 (39.47%) |
46 (36.80%) |
52 (41.60%) |
50 (40.00%) |
|
|
| Education |
|
|
|
|
0.981 |
0.913 |
| Below primary school |
66 (17.60%) |
20 (16.00%) |
24 (19.20%) |
22 (17.60%) |
|
|
| Junior high/Senior high |
221 (58.93%) |
77 (61.60%) |
73 (58.40%) |
71 (56.80%) |
|
|
| Bachelor degree or above |
88 (23.47%) |
28 (22.40%) |
28 (22.40%) |
32 (25.60%) |
|
|
| Heart rate, beat/min |
74.63 ± 14.06 |
74.18 ± 13.71 |
75.32 ± 11.95 |
74.39 ± 16.28 |
0.230 |
0.794 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % |
63.77 ± 6.68 |
63.58 ± 7.39 |
64.09 ± 6.03 |
63.36 ± 6.59 |
0.384 |
0.681 |
| Left atrial diameter, mm |
37.21 ± 5.55 |
36.13 ± 5.52 |
37.11 ± 5.10 |
38.38 ± 5.82 |
5.31 |
0.005 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg |
127.27 ± 17.68 |
125.50 ± 16.80 |
127.80 ± 19.73 |
128.53 ± 16.33 |
1.002 |
0.368 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg |
77.63 ± 11.12 |
76.79 ± 10.53 |
78.21 ± 11.89 |
77.90 ± 10.94 |
0.558 |
0.573 |
| Electrical cardioversion |
114 (30.13%) |
42 (33.60%) |
38 (30.40%) |
34 (27.20%) |
1.210 |
0.546 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score |
1.06 ± 0.96 |
1.06 ± 0.94 |
1.18 ± 1.09 |
1.19 ± 1.23 |
0.576 |
0.563 |
| HAS-BLED score |
0.49 ± 0.58 |
0.46 ± 0.55 |
0.54 ± 0.62 |
0.46 ± 0.56 |
0.894 |
0.410 |
| Ablation strategy |
|
|
|
|
9.189 |
0.163 |
| Only CPVI |
325 (86.67%) |
108 (86.40%) |
115 (92.00%) |
102 (81.60%) |
|
|
| CPVI + Right atrial isthmus line ablation |
3 (0.80%) |
1 (0.80%) |
0 |
2 (1.60%) |
|
|
| CPVI + Left atrial roof wall line ablation |
31 (8.27%) |
9 (7.20%) |
9 (7.20%) |
13 (10.40%) |
|
|
| CPVI + Left atrial posterior wall box ablation |
16 (4.26%) |
7 (5.60%) |
1 (0.80%) |
8 (6.40%) |
|
|
| Antiarrhythmic drugs |
|
|
|
|
14.874 |
0.062 |
| Amiodarone |
232 (61.87%) |
85 (68.00%) |
72 (57.60%) |
75 (60.00%) |
|
|
| Propafenone |
17 (4.53%) |
7 (5.60%) |
4 (3.20%) |
6 (4.80%) |
|
|
| Beta-blockers |
95 (25.33%) |
23 (18.40%) |
43 (34.40%) |
29 (23.20%) |
|
|
| Amiodarone + Beta-blockers |
31 (8.27%) |
10 (8.00%) |
6 (4.80%) |
15 (12.00%) |
|
|
| Recurrence |
67 (17.87%) |
5 (4.00%) |
21 (16.80%) |
41 (32.80%) |
35.472 |
< 0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mmol/L |
5.42 ± 1.48 |
4.88 ± 0.67 |
5.28 ± 1.12 |
6.08 ± 2.04 |
23.914 |
< 0.001 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L |
1.40 ± 0.62 |
1.08 ± 0.64 |
1.42 ± 0.45 |
1.69 ± 0.58 |
36.887 |
< 0.001 |
| Serum uric acid, umol/L |
313.41 ± 90.05 |
293.18 ± 78.05 |
319.40 ± 85.86 |
327.64 ± 101.70 |
5.102 |
0.007 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L |
2.28 ± 0.87 |
2.11 ± 0.82 |
2.39 ± 0.86 |
2.36 ± 0.90 |
3.821 |
0.023 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L |
1.50 ± 6.97 |
1.19 ± 0.29 |
1.12 ± 0.30 |
2.19 ± 2.07 |
0.928 |
0.396 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L |
3.83 ± 0.98 |
3.59 ± 0.94 |
3.94 ± 1.00 |
3.96 ± 0.98 |
5.663 |
0.004 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % |
5.91 ± 0.80 |
5.65 ± 0.50 |
5.88 ± 0.88 |
6.21 ± 0.86 |
17.295 |
< 0.001 |
| Brain natriuretic peptide, pg/mL |
561.88 ± 992.58 |
621.02 ± 1395.18 |
607.16 ± 852.70 |
457.47 ± 530.43 |
1.044 |
0.353 |
| Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min |
88.97 ± 15.92 |
89.85 ± 15.63 |
87.39 ± 15.81 |
89.66 ± 16.32 |
0.921 |
0.399 |
| Lactic dehydrogenase, IU/L |
187.41 ± 44.65 |
183.12 ± 36.53 |
193.66 ± 50.83 |
185.45 ± 45.10 |
1.930 |
0.147 |
| Creatine kinase, IU/L |
87.04 ± 80.34 |
80.52 ± 39.13 |
86.85 ± 50.19 |
93.75 ± 123.81 |
0.848 |
0.429 |
| Cardiac troponin T, pg/mL |
15.17 ± 15.40 |
15.86 ± 15.26 |
14.17 ± 13.39 |
15.48 ± 17.35 |
0.411 |
0.663 |
| Creatine kinase-MB, IU/L |
14.83 ± 10.90 |
13.82 ± 4.70 |
15.08 ± 7.40 |
15.60 ± 16.73 |
0.885 |
0.414 |
