Table 2. Independent risk factors for AF after catheter ablation.

Variable	Univariate Cox regression analysis				Multivariate Cox regression analysis
	HR	95% CI	P-value		HR	95% CI	P-value
*Refers to variables included in multivariate Cox regression analysis. AF: atrial fibrillation; T1: the low cumulative triglyceride-glucose index group; T2: the medium cumulative triglyceride-glucose index group; T3: the high cumulative triglyceride-glucose index group.
Female sex	1.226	0.753–1.998	0.413
Age, yrs
< 65*	Reference	Reference	Reference		Reference	Referrence	Reference
65–74	0.952	0.530–1.707	0.868		0.974	0.505–1.877	0.937
≥ 75	2.169	1.220–3.854	0.008		1.546	0.603–3.966	0.365
Body mass index > 24 kg/m2*	0.680	0.421–1.098	0.114		0.566	0.339–1.052	0.077
Hypertension	1.476	0.900–2.422	0.123
Hyperlipemia*	1.676	0.956–2.939	0.072		1.495	0.822–2.722	0.188
Diabetes mellitus	1.083	0.580–2.022	0.803
Coronary heart disease	1.329	0.806–2.189	0.265
Persistent AF*	1.681	1.041–2.715	0.034		0.872	0.489–1.553	0.642
Duration of AF > 5 yrs*	0.683	0.401–1.163	0.160		0.803	0.462–1.396	0.437
Educational level
Below primary school*	Reference	Reference	Reference		Reference	Reference	Reference
Middle school	0.966	0.519–1.800	0.914
Above college	0.668	0.305–1.465	0.314
Serum uric acid, umol/L	1.000	0.997–1.003	0.920
Hemoglobin A1c, %	1.177	0.909–1.523	0.216
Brain natriuretic peptide, pg/mL	1.000	1.000–1.000	0.238
Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min	0.993	0.979–1.008	0.362
Lactic dehydrogenase, IU/L*	1.007	1.003–1.011	0.002		1.005	1.001–1.010	0.028
Creatine kinase, IU/L	1.000	0.997–1.003	0.999
Creatine kinase-MB, IU/L	1.014	0.903–1.026	0.315
Heart rate, beat/min	1.006	0.989–1.023	0.472
Left ventricular ejection fraction, %	0.978	0.945–1.012	0.196
Left atrial diameter, mm*	1.121	1.079–1.166	< 0.001		1.109	1.057–1.163	< 0.001
CHA2DS2-VASc score*	1.310	1.082–1.587	0.106
HAS-BLED score	1.403	0.949–2.074	0.289
Antiarrhythmic drugs
Amiodarone*	Reference	Reference	Reference		Reference	Reference	Reference
Others antiarrhythmic drugs	1.024	0.682–1.328	0.381		0.833	0.504–1.377	0.477
Ablation protocol
Circumferential pulmonary vein isolation*	Reference	Reference	Reference		Reference	Reference	Reference
Circumferential pulmonary vein isolation + Others	1.597	0.886–2.878	0.120		0.680	0.234–1.980	0.479
Electrical cardioversion	1.103	0.648–1.876	0.719
Cumulative triglyceride-glucose index group
T1*	Reference	Reference	Reference		Reference	Reference	Reference
T2	5.186	1.501–17.915	0.009		4.949	1.778–13.778	0.002
T3	18.792	5.855–60.315	< 0.001		8.716	3.371–22.536	< 0.001