Table 9. Age-standardized mean SBP and DBP among Chinese adults during 1991–2015.
| Variable | 1991 (n = 8604) |
1993 (n = 8203) |
1997 (n = 8592) |
2000 (n = 9473) |
2004 (n = 9209) |
2006 (n = 9165) |
2009 (n = 9499) |
2011 (n = 12, 542) |
2015 (n = 11 ,296) |
AAI, mmHg |
ARI, % |
Ptrend- value |
| AAI: average annual increase; ARI: average relative increase. | ||||||||||||
| SBP, mmHg, mean (95% CI) |
||||||||||||
| Overall | 115.9 (115.5–116.2) |
116.1 (115.7–116.4) |
118.8 (118.4–119.1) |
119.0 (118.7–119.3) |
120.2 (119.9–120.5) |
119.1 (118.7–119.4) |
121.0 (120.7–121.4) |
120.9 (120.6–121.2) |
123.6 (123.2–123.9) |
0.3 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| Age, yrs | ||||||||||||
| 18–39 | 108.7 (108.4–109.1) |
109.6 (109.2–110.0) |
112.2 (111.8–112.6) |
112.2 (111.8–112.6) |
113.7 (113.3–114.2) |
113.0 (112.5–113.5) |
113.7 (113.2–114.2) |
114.1 (113.7–114.6) |
116.0 (115.4–116.6) |
0.3 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| 40–59 | 117.2 (116.5–117.8) |
117.0 (116.4–117.7) |
120.1 (119.5–120.8) |
120.8 (120.3–121.3) |
121.8 (121.3–122.3) |
120.8 (120.3–121.3) |
123.5 (123.0–124.0) |
123.5 (123.1–123.9) |
126.8 (126.3–127.3) |
0.4 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 60 | 132.5 (131.1–133.9) |
131.5 (130.2–132.8) |
133.8 (132.7–134.9) |
133.9 (132.9–134.9) |
134.4 (133.4–135.3) |
131.9 (131.0–132.7) |
135.7 (134.9–136.5) |
133.7 (133.1–134.4) |
137.4 (136.8–137.9) |
0.2 | 0.2 | < 0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Male | 117.8 (117.3–118.3) |
117.9 (117.4–118.4) |
120.6 (120.1–121.1) |
120.9 (120.5–121.4) |
122.5 (122.0–122.9) |
121.3 (120.9–121.8) |
123.2 (122.7–123.6) |
123.4 (123.0–123.8) |
126.7 (126.2–127.2) |
0.4 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| Female | 114.1 (113.6–114.6) |
114.4 (113.9–114.9) |
117.0 (116.5–117.5) |
117.2 (116.8–117.7) |
118.0 (117.6–118.5) |
116.9 (116.5–117.4) |
119.0 (118.5–119.4) |
118.7 (118.4–119.1) |
121.1 (120.7–21.5) |
0.3 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg, mean (95% CI) |
||||||||||||
| Overall | 74.9 (74.6–75.1) |
75.8 (75.5–76.0) |
77.1 (76.9–77.3) |
77.3 (77.1–77.5) |
77.8 (77.6–78) |
77.7 (77.4–77.9) |
79.0 (78.8–79.2) |
77.8 (77.7–78.0) |
79.6 (79.4–79.9) |
0.2 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| Age, yrs | ||||||||||||
| 18–39 | 71.5 (71.2–71.8) |
72.7 (72.4–73.0) |
74.1 (73.8–74.3) |
74.1 (73.8–74.4) |
75.1 (74.8–75.5) |
74.8 (74.5–75.2) |
75.6 (75.2–76) |
74.8 (74.5–75.1) |
76.5 (76.0–76.9) |
0.2 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| 40–59 | 76.5 (76.0–76.9) |
77.2 (76.8–77.6) |
78.5 (78.1–78.9) |
79.1 (78.8–79.5) |
79.6 (79.2–79.9) |
79.5 (79.2–79.8) |
81.5 (81.2–81.9) |
80.5 (80.2–80.8) |
82.3 (81.9–82.6) |
0.2 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 60 | 80.6 (79.8–81.3) |
80.9 (80.1–81.7) |
82.3 (81.7–82.9) |
82.0 (81.4–82.5) |
81.2 (80.7–81.8) |
81.3 (80.8–81.8) |
82.7 (82.3–83.2) |
80.5 (80.1–80.8) |
82.5 (82.2–82.9) |
0.1 | 0.1 | < 0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Male | 76.3 (75.9–76.6) |
77.2 (76.8–77.5) |
78.5 (78.2–78.8) |
78.8 (78.5–79.1) |
79.5 (79.2–79.8) |
79.5 (79.1–79.8) |
81.0 (80.7–81.3) |
79.8 (79.5–80) |
82.2 (81.8–82.6) |
0.3 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| Female | 73.6 (73.3–74.0) |
74.5 (74.1–74.8) |
75.7 (75.4–76.0) |
75.9 (75.6–76.2) |
76.2 (75.9–76.5) |
76.0 (75.7–76.3) |
77.1 (76.8–77.4) |
76.2 (75.9–76.4) |
77.5 (77.3–77.8) |
0.2 | 0.2 | < 0.001 |