Fig. 11.

Haptic feedback devices of ET interface for VR applications. (A to C) ET interface made of micro-needle electrodes (A) and the arrangement of the electrode (B) and test image of the ET interface on fingertip (C). Reproduced with permission from [145]. Copyright 2016, PLOS. (D and E) Photograph of the ET electrode of the rendering system (D) and ET stimulation mechanisms with negative and positive current (E). Reproduced with permission from [146]. Copyright 2022, the American Association for the Advancement of Science.