Table 1.
Characteristics of the four main mechanoreceptors in human skin. Reproduced with permission from [21,184]. Copyright, 2018, MDPI.
| Meissner corpuscle | Pacinian corpuscle | Merkel cell | Ruffini endings | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | FA-I | FA-II | SA-I | SA-II |
| Adaptation rate | Fast | Fast | Slow | Slow |
| Location | Shallow | Deep | Shallow | Deep |
| Stimuli frequency (Hz) | 10–200 | 70–100 | 0.4–100 | 0.4–100 |
| Density (units/cm2) | 140 | 30 | 70 | 10 |
| Spatial resolution (mm) | 3–4 | >10 | 0.5 | >7 |
| Functional range | Object slip, light contact, texture | High-frequency, vibrations | Static forces with high resolutions | Tension deep in the skin and fascia |
| Receptive field (RF) | Small and sharp, 3–5 mm | Very large and diffuse, >20 mm | Small and sharp, 2–3 mm | Large and diffuse, 10–15 mm |