Fig 1.

SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA levels and antibody responses stratified by pregnancy and vaccination status. Remnant clinical upper respiratory tract specimens were used to determine rates of infectious virus recovery (A), viral RNA level (B), and anti-S (ancestral) IgG titers calculated as AUC (C) from mucosal swab samples. In panel A, a positive CPE in tissue culture was indicative of the presence of infectious virus. The dashed line in panel B represents the cutoff value (Ct ≤ 20) between high viral RNA and low viral levels, and the red text indicates the percentage of participants with Ct values > 20 (low viral RNA levels). The dashed line in panel C represents the limit of detection, and the red text indicates the percentage of non-responders (results below the limit of detection). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between anti-spike IgG AUC and infectious virus-positive cultures (D) or viral RNA levels (E). Variables were continuous, and comparisons by vaccination and pregnancy status are shown. Analysis included Fisher’s exact test (A), two-way ANOVAs with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (B and C), and multivariable logistic regression (E). ^*P < 0.05. anti-S IgG, anti-ancestral strain spike immunoglobulin G.