Table 1.

Selection of IVs after quality control.

Taxonomies	Taxa	NSNP	Palindromic	IVs
Genus	125	524	75	449
Family	35	261	40	221
Order	20	184	30	154
Class	16	157	25	132
Phylum	9	99	12	87
Total	205	1225	182	1043

IV, Instrumental Variable; SNP, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; NSNP is the number of SNPs being used as IVs.