Table 2.

Hierarchical regression analysis predicting caregivers’ burden

	Block 1	Block 2	Block 3	Block 4
	β (SE), p value
Caregiver characteristics
Presence of at least one disease (No)	0.50 (0.17), 0.004	0.48 (0.17), 0.006	0.49 (0.17), 0.005	0.45 (0.16), 0.007
Anxiety (HADS subscale score)	0.14 (0.02), < 0.001	0.13 (0.02), < 0.001	0.13 (0.02), < 0.001	0.12 (0.02), < 0.001
Depression (HADS subscale score)	0.13 (0.03), < 0.001	0.12 (0.03), < 0.001	0.13 (0.03), < 0.001	0.11 (0.03), < 0.001
Internal and external caregiver resources
Denial strategy (COPE subscale score)		0.01 (0.04), 0.757	0.01 (0.04), 0.756	0.06 (0.04), 0.147
Social support (MSPSS total score)		−0.01 (0.01), 0.592	−0.01 (0.01), 0.685	−0.01 (0.01), 0.866
Caregiver-care recipient relationship and intensity of care
Caregiver-care recipient relationship (partner)
Parent/child			0.50 (0.22), 0.021	0.53 (0.21), 0.012
Other relative or friend			−0.29 (0.29), 0.316	−0.49 (0.28), 0.081
Time devoted to care daily (in hours)			0.02 (0.01), 0.110	0.01 (0.01), 0.878
Care recipient’ characteristics
Disease course (RR)
SP/PP				0.49 (0.25), 0.050
Disability level (EDSS score)				0.11 (0.08), 0.161
Independence level (ADL score)				−0.08 (0.06), 0.187
R [2]	0.409	0.408	0.439	0.501
Δ R [2], p value		−0.001, 1.00	0.031, 0.018	0.062, < 0.001

β, beta; SE, standard error; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; MSPSS: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; COPE: Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced; EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale; ADL: Independence in Activities of Daily Living. The reference category is given in brackets; Δ R [2]: R [2] change