Table 3:
Unadjusted differences in PROs by insecurities, income, and education
| Physical Functiona | Pain Interferenceb | Fatigueb | Sleep Disturbanceb | Cognitive Functiona | Depressionb | Anxietyb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| Any insecurity | |||||||
| No (n=117) | 50·4 ± 0·7 | 50·7 ± 9·2 | 49·5 ± 10·0 | 49·4 ± 9·0 | 50·2 ± 8·9 | 3·9 ± 4·0 | 2·9 ± 3·6 |
| Yes (n=135) | 44·4 ± 8·9 | 55·5 ± 9·5 | 55·8 ± 10·2 | 53·3 ± 9·1 | 44·8 ± 8·8 | 6·5 ± 4·6 | 5·5 ± 4·7 |
| p | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | 0·0008 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 |
| Number of insecurities | |||||||
| 0 (n = 117) | 50·4 ± 0·7 | 50·7 ± 9·2 | 49·5 ± 10·0 | 49·4 ± 9·0 | 50·2 ± 8·9 | 3·9 ± 4·0 | 2·9 ± 3·6 |
| 1 (n = 63) | *46·1 ± 9·3 | *54·6 ± 9·5 | *55·1 ± 10·8 | 52·6 ± 9·2 | *46·0 ± 9·9 | *6·2 ± 4·6 | *4·7 ± 4·1 |
| ≥2 (n = 72) | *42·9 ± 8·4 | *56·3 ± 9·6 | *56·3 ± 9·7 | *54·0 ± 9·0 | *43·8 ± 7·8 | *6·8 ± 4·6 | *6·2 ± 5·1 |
| p | <0·0001 | 0·0002 | <0·0001 | 0·0024 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 |
| Poverty | |||||||
| No (n = 206) | 48·0 ± 9·7 | 52·7 ± 9·5 | 52·3 ± 10·7 | 51·2 ± 8·9 | 47·8 ± 9·3 | 5·1 ± 4·4 | 4·2 ± 4·3 |
| Yes (n = 29) | 42·1 ± 8·6 | 57·0 ± 10·1 | 55·3 ± 10·6 | 52·2 ± 11·3 | 44·8 ± 9·6 | 6·2 ± 5·5 | 5·2 ± 4·9 |
| p | 0·002 | 0·02 | 0·17 | 0·59 | 0·097 | 0·24 | 0·26 |
| Lower education (<college degree) | |||||||
| No (n = 138) | 49·5 ± 9·5 | 51·4 ± 9·5 | 51·6 ± 10·6 | 50·6 ± 8·4 | 48·3 ± 9·2 | 4·7 ± 4·2 | 3·7 ± 4·1 |
| Yes (n = 113) | 44·3 ± 9·3 | 55·6 ± 9·4 | 54·6 ± 10·4 | 52·8 ± 10·0 | 46·0 ± 9·3 | 6·1 ± 4·8 | 5·0 ± 4·7 |
| p | <0·0001 | 0·0005 | 0·026 | 0·056 | 0·042 | 0·012 | 0·020 |
| Any insecurity x income | |||||||
| No insecurity + no poverty (n = 111) | 50·9 ± 9·5 | 50·3 ± 8·9 | 49·1 ± 9·9 | 49·7 ± 8·8 | 50·4 ± 8·8 | 3·7 ± 3·6 | 2·9 ± 3·6 |
| No insecurity + poverty (n = 6) | 41·9 ± 10·6 | 58·6 ± 11·5 | 56·4 ± 10·2 | 45·3 ± 13·2 | 45·9 ± 10·7 | 8·2 ± 8·3 | 2·8 ± 3·8 |
| Insecurity + no poverty (n = 112) | *44·9 ± 9·0 | *55·3 ± 9·5 | *55·9 ± 10·1 | *53·2 ± 8·8 | *44·9 ± 8·7 | *6·7 ± 4·6 | *5·5 ± 4·6 |
| Insecurity + poverty (n = 23) | *42·1 ± 8·2 | *56·7 ± 10·0 | 55·0 ± 10·9 | 54·0 ± 10·4 | *44·5 ± 9·6 | 5·6 ± 4·6 | *5·8 ± 5·1 |
| p | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | 0·0018 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 |
| Any insecurity x education | |||||||
| No insecurity + higher education (n = 84) | 51·8 ± 9·2 | 49·6 ± 8·9 | 49·1 ± 9·9 | 49·9 ± 8·5 | 50·6 ± 9·1 | 3·8 ± 3·8 | 3·0 ± 3·7 |
| No insecurity + lower education (n = 32) | *46·5 ± 10·1 | 53·8 ± 9·4 | 50·7 ± 10·6 | 48·5 ± 10·5 | 48·9 ± 8·7 | 4·3 ± 4·8 | 2·8 ± 3·4 |
| Insecurity + higher education (n = 54) | *45·8 ± 9·0 | *54·2 ± 9·7 | *55·3 ± 10·7 | 51·6 ± 8·4 | *44·8 ± 8·3 | *6·1 ± 4·5 | *4·9 ± 4·4 |
| Insecurity + lower education (n = 81) | *43·4 ± 8·9 | *56·4 ± 9·4 | *56·0 ± 9·9 | *54·5 ± 9·4 | *44·8 ± 9·3 | *6·8 ± 4·7 | *5·9 ± 4·9 |
| p | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | 0·0020 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 |
Data are mean ± SD· Differences in group means were tested with t-tests or analyses of variance.·
*
Significantly different from “No insecurity, income>poverty/high education” group based on post-hoc means test·
a
Higher scores reflect better outcomes
b
Higher scores reflect worse outcomes