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. 2024 Mar 12;11:1268983. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1268983

Table 3.

Associations between hypertension-related parameters and cognitive aspects.

Adjusted OR (95% CI)* p-value
Problems with short-term memory
CLI-HTN 0.52 (0.29, 0.93) 0.003
SBP-HTN 0.87 (0.46, 1.65) 0.679
DBP-HTN 1.01 (0.53, 1.92) 1.017
BP-HTN 0.09 (0.01, 0.44) 0.003
Problems with procedural memory
SBP-HTN 0.98 (0.42, 2.26) 0.964
DBP-HTN 1.21 (0.51, 2.83) 0.660
BP-HTN 0.10 (0.01, 1.59) 0.104
Worsening in decision making
BP-HTN 0.000 0.995
DBP-HTN 0.94 (0.47, 1.86) 0.862
SBP 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) 0.034
Changes in Mental Function
SBP-HTN 6.63 (0.29, 149.7) 0.234
Feelings of Sadness and Depressive Symptoms
BP-HTN 0.24 (0.10, 0.62) 0.003
Persistent Anger
SBP-HTN 0.000 0.999
DBP-HTN 0.000 0.999
Unrealistic Fears
BP-HTN 0.11 (0.01, 0.90) 0.040
Anxious Complaints
BP-HTN 0.19 (0.04, 0.92) 0.040
Sad, Pained, Worried Facial Expressions
BP-HTN 0.09 (0.02, 0.45) 0.003
Reccurent crying, tearfulness
CLI-HTN 2.30 (0.98, 5.40) 0.054
SBP-HTN 5.43 (1.43, 20.6) 0.013
Withdrawal from Activities of Interest
BP-HTN 0.09 (0.02, 0.44) 0.003
Reduced Social Interaction
CLI-HTN 1.94 (1.02, 3.67) 0.042
BP-HTN 0.05 (0.01, 0.41) 0.005

*Models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, multimorbidity, unintentional loss of weight, smoking habits, schooling years, physical activity and antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs. Bold indicates significance according to p-values and confidence interval. Comparisons were performed between condition (e.g., CLI-HTN) versus non-condition (e.g., NON-CLI-HTN), with the last used as the reference group.