Fig. 1.

The effects of simvastatin (sim; 5 µM) and amfenac (0.1 µM) on the LDH release (a) and metabolic activity measured using the MTT assay (b) in IL-1α-treated (10 pg/ml) ARPE-19 cells. Results were normalized to the DMSO control (D; 0.15%). Data were collected from 3 independent experiments including 4 samples per group in each experiment (total n = 12), and results are presented as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ns—not significant by Mann–Whitney U test. (Kruskal–Wallis test was performed but not presented in the Figure, a ****P < 0.0001, b **P < 0.01)