Table 1.

Best evidence studies.

	Walter et al. (21)	Martens et al. (22)	Misfeld et al. (23)
Number of patients	304	281	125
Incidence of ILT	6%	8.2%	16.8%
Time from operation to ILT diagnosis	7 days	4.6 days	N/A
Postoperative anticoagulation protocol	Heparinization for 6 h postoperatively, subsequently anti-platelet therapy (ASS)	Anti-platelet therapy (ASS) + low-dose heparin (thrombosis prophylaxis)	Heparinization for 6 h postoperatively, subsequently anti-platelet therapy (ASS) + low-dose heparin
ILT location	•21% proximal half of the stent •79% distal half of the stent	•Inner curvature •Distal stent end	N/A
Risk factors	•Agea •Female sexa •Aortic aneurysma	•Increased stent graft diameter indexa •Degenerative aneurysma •Larger aortic diameter •Anticipated Type Ib Endoleak •HIT	•Incomplete aneurysmal stent coverage •FET stent diameter <34mm •Higher volumetric size of the descending aorta •→ smaller stent-to-aneurysm diameter ratio •Conservative management of major postoperative bleeding
Clinical complications	•21% of patients with ILT developed embolic complications	•ILT Formation as an independent risk factor for perioperative mortality •27% of patients with ILT developed embolic complications requiring re-intervention or operation	•ILT was associated with higher in-hospital mortality*
Therapeutic management	•Therapeutic anticoagulation •20% TEVAR	•18% no treatment •55% therapeutic anticoagulation (VKI or DOAK) •27% interventional/ surgical embolectomy	•Therapeutic anticoagulation (VKI)
Recommendations	•Perform postoperative surveillance by CTA in all patients following FET implantation	•Consider therapeutic anticoagulation in patients at risk of ILT. •Perform early postoperative CTA or TEE to rule out ILT (within 10 days). •In patients developing ILT consider early TEVAR extension.	•Consider early postoperative intravenous anticoagulation in all FET-patients •Consider extended oral anticoagulation in patients with high thrombosis risk •Consider early surgical re-intervention for bleeding •Avoid prolonged conservative bleeding management and coagulation factor administration

^a Independent risk factors in multivariate regression analysis.

^*19% vs. 8.7% p = 0.3.