Table 2.
Overview of ncRNA roles in cancer metabolism.
| ncRNA | Function of ncRNA in cancer | Dysregulated in cancer | Mechanisms of action |
|---|---|---|---|
| HOTAIR | Tumor promoter | Endometrial, lung, ovarian, prostate, thyroid | Interacts with PRC2 to methylate and silence tumor suppressor genes |
| BRAFP1 | Lymphoma | Activates BRAF | |
| NANOG | Breast, colorectal, hepatocellular, leukemia, lung, pancreatic, prostate | Sustains cell renewal and confers stem cell-like properties. | |
| Oct-04 | Liver, lung, pancreas | Sustains cell renewal and confers stem cell-like properties. | |
| circPRKCI | Glioma, lung | Promotes proliferation and migration by sponging miR-545 | |
| circHIPK3 | Breast, colorectal, gallbladder, gastric, ovarian | Promotes cancer growth and metastasis by sponging miR-7, miR-193a | |
| MYLK | Lung cancer | Promotes glycolysis and proliferation | |
| LDLRAD | Lung cancer | Promotes proliferation and survival | |
| 517 | Lung cancer | Promotes glycolysis and clonogenicity | |
| piR-651 | Breast, colorectal, head and neck, leukemia, lung, lymphoma, pancreatic, renal | Functions with C-MYC and transcriptional regulation, regulates proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis | |
| miR-518b, miR-629 | Lung Cancer | Promotes proliferation metastasis | |
| miR-141 | Prostate cancer | Promotes prolifera | |
| miR-1274a, miR-592 | Colon cancer | Promotes proliferation, meta and clonogen | |
| miR15/16 | Leukemia | Sustains stemnes | |
| MEG3 | Tumor suppressor | Breast, colorectal, gastric, liver, lung, ovarian, prostate | Regulates proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-to- mesenchymal transition, drug sensitivity |
| PTENP1 | Breast, gastri represses expression of k-Ras c, prostate, Renal | Sponges microRNAs that target PTEN | |
| miR-30, miR-140, miR-143, miR-600, miR-7 | Breast cancer | Promotes apopt | |
| let-7, miR- 200a, miR- 190b | Lung cancer | Represses expression of k-Ras, inhibits stemness and cell gro | |
| miR-145, miR-34 | Prostate cancer | Inhibits proliferation and inv reduced stemness | |
| MALAT1 | Tumor promoter and tumor suppressor | Breast, endometrial, lung, ovarian, prostate, thyroid | Alternative splicing, metastasis |
| H19 | Bladder, breast, colorectal, endometrial, ovarian, prostate | Induces cell survival pathways in response to stress, epithelial-to- mesenchymal transition | |
| piR-823 | Colorectal, esophageal, gastric, Breast, Lung | Affects cell growth, metastasis, DNA methylation, apoptosis, transcriptional activity | |
| piR-932 | Breast, endometrial, glioblastoma, hepatocellular, pancreatic, prostate, thyroid | Targets tumor suppressors. Induces cell proliferation, drug resistance |