TABLE 1.
Basic characteristics of included studies.
| Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study ID | Animal characteristics | Animal model | Ligustrazine dosage (mg/kg) | Method of administration | Interventions | Course | Outcome | |
| T | S | |||||||
| Chang (2007) | Male Wistar rats (250–300 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 20 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 20 min before animal modeling | d, k |
| Chang (2023) | Male SD rats | MCAO model | 20 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Administration 30 min before and 60 min after animal modeling | b, e |
| Chen (2010) | Male SD rats (280–320 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | NA | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | NA | g, i |
| Fang (2010) | Male SD rats (280–320 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 80 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | After animal modeling | b |
| Feng (2023) | Male SD rats (300 ± 20 g) | MCAO model | 20 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 4 h after MCAO | f |
| Gao (2023) | Male SD rats (220–280 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 50 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Injection immediately after ischemia reperfusion | a |
| Ge (2021) | Male SD rats (250–300 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 50 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Injection 24 h after molding | d, f, g, i, j |
| Gong (2019) | SD rats (240–280 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 40 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 12 h after animal modeling | a, b, c |
| Han (2014) | Male SD rats (290 ± 10 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 50 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Injection immediately after reperfusion | b |
| Hu (2010a) | Kunming mice (30–40 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 40 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | After 3 days of continuous injections | h, j |
| Hu (2010b) | Kunming mice (30–40 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 40 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | After 3 days of continuous injections | h, j |
| Jia (2009) | Male SD rats (300–350 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 20 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Intervention administered 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after reperfusion | a |
| Kao (2013) | Male SD rats (300–350 g) | MCAO model | 20 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Intervention 30 min before and 60 min after MCAO | a, b |
| Kao (2006) | Male SD rats (300–350 g) | MCAO model | 40 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Intervention 30 min before and 60 min after MCAO | b |
| Li (2008) | Wistar rats (250–320 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 50 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 30 min after reperfusion | a |
| Li (2013) | Male SD rats (250–300 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 40 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 2 h after surgery administration intervention | l |
| Li (2017) | Male SD rats (280 ± 20 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 20 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Post-reperfusion drug administration intervention | a, b, c, d, e, f |
| Li (2022) | Male C57BL/6 | MCAO/reperfusion model | 20 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 15 min administration intervention | a, b, e |
| Liang (2022) | Male SD rats (200–250 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 72 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 7 days continuous administration intervention | a, k |
| Liao (2004) | Male SD rats (300–350 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 40 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 60 min before MCAO administration intervention | c |
| Liu (2016) | Male SD rats (240–270 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 30 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Two days before molding, once a day. 0.5 h before molding, 4h and 8 h after molding | a, b, g, i |
| Ma (2010) | Male SD rats (325 ± 25 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 120 | Tail vein injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 10 min before modeling intervention | e |
| Qi (2008) | Male SD rats (250–300 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 40 | Oral gavage | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | After successful animal modeling | a |
| Ren (2008) | Male SD rats (280 ± 20 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 40 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 12 h before and 12 h after animal modeling | a |
| Tan (2015) | Male SD rats (250–270 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 20 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 15 min before animal modeling | a, b, c |
| Tian (2014) | Male SD rats (220–250 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 30 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Once a day for 7 days | a |
| Xiao (2010) | Male SD rats (180–200 g) | MCAO model | 40 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | MCAO 2 h later | c |
| Yang (2011) | Male SD rats (280 ± 20 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 35 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Before and 12 h after surgery | a |
| Zhang (2008) | Male SD rats (280 ± 20 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 80 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | Once daily for 3 days before surgery and daily after surgery | g, h |
| Zhang (2011) | Wistar (280–320 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 10 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | After successful animal modeling | a, g |
| Zhu (2009) | Male SD rats (300–350 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 20 | Intraperitoneal injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 1, 2, 4, 6 h after reperfusion | a |
| Zhu (2020) | Male SD rats (220–250 g) | MCAO/reperfusion model | 10 | Tail vein injection | Ligustrazine | Vehicle | 30 min before animal modeling | c, d |
T, treatment group; C, control group; NA, not available; a: NDS; b: percentage of infarct volume; c: brain water content; d: TNF - α; e: IL-1β: f: IL-6; g: SOD; h: NOS; i: MDA; j: NO; k: caspase-3; l: Claudin-5.