Table 1.
The continuity variables involved in this study are expressed by means (standard error), and the categorical variables are expressed by actual quantities (weighted percentages).
| Characteristic | Overall | Quartile 1 [15.63, 56.25] | Quartile 2 (56.25, 66.88] | Quartile 3 (66.88, 76.88] | Quartile 4 (76.88, 100] | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 7,339 | 1,882 | 1,843 | 1,849 | 1,765 | |
| Gender, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| Female | 3,736 (51.76) | 960 (51.80) | 873 (46.09) | 883 (49.54) | 1,020 (58.20) | |
| Male | 3,603 (48.24) | 922 (48.20) | 970 (53.91) | 966 (50.46) | 745 (41.80) | |
| Age, years, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| 20–29 | 1,132 (17.85) | 114 (8.48) | 208 (11.89) | 330 (20.56) | 480 (26.71) | |
| 30–39 | 1,189 (17.19) | 208 (13.17) | 292 (17.38) | 302 (16.32) | 387 (20.66) | |
| 40–49 | 1,296 (20.78) | 344 (21.77) | 319 (21.52) | 321 (20.12) | 312 (20.10) | |
| 50–59 | 1,173 (19.57) | 354 (21.61) | 312 (20.77) | 295 (19.98) | 212 (16.81) | |
| ≥60 | 2,549 (24.61) | 862 (34.98) | 712 (28.44) | 601 (23.01) | 374 (15.73) | |
| Race, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1,258 (9.52) | 437 (14.65) | 345 (11.26) | 292 (8.56) | 184 (5.39) | |
| Mexican American | 1,203 (7.41) | 279 (6.79) | 318 (8.08) | 301 (7.13) | 305 (7.59) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 3,903 (74.01) | 947 (70.99) | 949 (72.83) | 1,014 (75.34) | 993 (75.85) | |
| Other race (including multi-racial and other Hispanic) | 975 (9.06) | 219 (7.57) | 231 (7.83) | 242 (8.97) | 283 (11.17) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| <25 | 2,078 (31.01) | 202 (10.58) | 350 (17.66) | 552 (29.65) | 974 (57.20) | |
| 25–29.9 | 2,518 (34.13) | 473 (23.85) | 654 (34.61) | 768 (41.64) | 623 (34.18) | |
| ≥30 | 2,743 (34.86) | 1,207 (65.57) | 839 (47.73) | 529 (28.72) | 168 (8.62) | |
| Education level, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| Above | 3,658 (58.85) | 671 (41.92) | 786 (48.75) | 984 (61.30) | 1,217 (76.53) | |
| High school | 1,752 (23.84) | 502 (30.38) | 517 (28.72) | 451 (24.76) | 282 (14.54) | |
| Below | 1,929 (17.31) | 709 (27.70) | 540 (22.52) | 414 (13.95) | 266 (8.94) | |
| Marital status, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| Married/living with partner | 4,532 (65.96) | 1,102 (63.09) | 1,121 (66.66) | 1,177 (66.48) | 1,132 (66.95) | |
| Never married | 1,157 (16.33) | 191 (10.47) | 258 (13.41) | 304 (16.45) | 404 (22.65) | |
| Widowed/Divorced/Separated | 1,650 (17.72) | 589 (26.44) | 464 (19.94) | 368 (17.07) | 229 (10.39) | |
| Poverty to income ratio, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| <1.3 | 2,191 (19.12) | 716 (27.07) | 603 (22.92) | 492 (16.92) | 380 (12.52) | |
| 1.3–3.49 | 2,799 (35.21) | 742 (39.84) | 724 (36.62) | 698 (34.30) | 635 (31.68) | |
| ≥3.5 | 2,349 (45.66) | 424 (33.10) | 516 (40.46) | 659 (48.78) | 750 (55.80) | |
| Smoke status, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| Former smoker | 1910 (25.66) | 546 (26.72) | 522 (29.17) | 512 (28.14) | 330 (19.88) | |
| Nonsmoker | 3,889 (54.15) | 601 (31.20) | 871 (44.46) | 1,038 (55.58) | 1,379 (76.70) | |
| Current smoker | 1,540 (20.19) | 735 (42.08) | 450 (26.37) | 299 (16.27) | 56 (3.43) | |
| Alcohol status, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| Former | 1,432 (16.42) | 552 (26.84) | 393 (19.74) | 314 (14.02) | 173 (8.64) | |
| Never | 954 (10.42) | 238 (9.95) | 240 (10.18) | 219 (9.17) | 257 (12.06) | |
| Mild | 2,356 (35.93) | 484 (28.10) | 545 (33.48) | 644 (36.82) | 683 (42.57) | |
| Moderate | 1,094 (16.51) | 230 (14.18) | 258 (14.21) | 276 (16.79) | 330 (19.71) | |
| Heavy | 1,503 (20.73) | 378 (20.93) | 407 (22.40) | 396 (23.20) | 322 (17.02) | |
| Diabetes, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| No | 6,167 (88.32) | 1,230 (70.81) | 1,542 (86.71) | 1,683 (93.69) | 1,712 (97.06) | |
| Yes | 1,172 (11.68) | 652 (29.19) | 301 (13.29) | 166 (6.31) | 53 (2.94) | |
| Hypertension, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| No | 4,235 (63.74) | 612 (37.12) | 933 (54.34) | 1,209 (68.32) | 1,481 (85.78) | |
| Yes | 3,104 (36.26) | 1,270 (62.88) | 910 (45.66) | 640 (31.68) | 284 (14.22) | |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (weighted %) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| No | 1,840 (26.34) | 201 (9.75) | 303 (15.19) | 524 (27.56) | 812 (45.73) | |
| Yes | 5,499 (73.66) | 1,681 (90.25) | 1,540 (84.81) | 1,325 (72.44) | 953 (54.27) | |
| Phenotypic age, years | 42.67 (0.45) | 52.37 (0.51) | 46.03 (0.54) | 40.93 (0.62) | 34.74 (0.68) | < 0.0001 |
| Phenotypic age acceleration | −4.72 (0.13) | −0.34 (0.22) | −3.95 (0.21) | −5.57 (0.19) | −7.63 (0.16) | < 0.0001 |
| Refrige glucose, mmol/L | 5.39 (0.03) | 6.17 (0.07) | 5.42 (0.05) | 5.20 (0.03) | 4.98 (0.02) | < 0.0001 |
| Alkaline phosphatase, U/L | 66.77 (0.35) | 74.37 (0.73) | 69.55 (0.62) | 65.49 (0.48) | 60.36 (0.58) | < 0.0001 |
| Albumin, g/L | 42.77 (0.08) | 41.81 (0.12) | 42.58 (0.13) | 42.94 (0.08) | 43.45 (0.12) | < 0.0001 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 78.20 (0.50) | 81.65 (1.01) | 80.69 (0.83) | 77.27 (0.56) | 74.66 (0.64) | < 0.0001 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 0.37 (0.01) | 0.59 (0.03) | 0.40 (0.02) | 0.32 (0.02) | 0.22 (0.01) | < 0.0001 |
| WBC, 1,000 cells/μL | 7.14 (0.04) | 8.10 (0.08) | 7.37 (0.06) | 6.92 (0.05) | 6.50 (0.04) | < 0.0001 |
| Lymphocyte percent, % | 30.23 (0.16) | 29.29 (0.21) | 30.01 (0.27) | 30.29 (0.23) | 31.02 (0.23) | < 0.0001 |
| Mean cell volume, fL | 89.27 (0.23) | 89.08 (0.27) | 89.27 (0.30) | 89.03 (0.27) | 89.64 (0.24) | 0.05 |
| Red cell distribution width, % | 12.75 (0.03) | 13.08 (0.04) | 12.80 (0.04) | 12.73 (0.04) | 12.49 (0.03) | < 0.0001 |
The One-way ANOVA applies to continuity variables and Chi-square test applies to categorical variables; Q1, the first quartile; Q2, the second quartile; Q3, the third quartile; Q4, the fourth quartile; ref, reference; Life’s Essential 8 quartile ranges: Quartile 1 = 15.63–56.25; Quartile 2 = 56.26–66.88; Quartile 3 = 66.89–76.88; and Quartile 4: 76.88–100.