Table 5.
Association of plasma n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids levels with depression in American adults: NHANES, 2011–2012a.
| PUFA, μmol/L, N | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | p trendb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| AA(20:4n-6) | |||||
| [187.00, 713.84](n = 533) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | 0.86 |
| [713.84, 868.54](n = 515) | 1.52(0.79, 2.94) | 1.60(0.85, 3.02) | 1.58(0.82, 3.03) | 1.46(0.76, 2.80) | |
| [868.54, 1040.25](n = 492) | 1.76(1.09, 2.86) | 1.88(1.16, 3.05) | 1.93(1.25, 3.00) | 1.65(1.05, 2.62) | |
| [1040.25, 2570.00](n = 501) | 1.38(0.88, 2.15) | 1.51(0.91, 2.50) | 1.41(0.77, 2.58) | 1.15(0.66, 2.02) | |
| DTA(22:4n-6) | |||||
| [1.71, 20.23](n = 543) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | 0.15 |
| [20.23, 25.63](n = 489) | 1.46(0.55, 3.91) | 1.54(0.59, 4.01) | 1.40(0.50, 3.95) | 1.25(0.44, 3.57) | |
| [25.63, 32.48](n = 461) | 2.93(1.65, 5.21) | 3.19(1.84, 5.55) | 2.63(1.50, 4.61) | 2.20(1.20, 4.05) | |
| [32.48, 204.00](n = 482) | 2.79(1.44, 5.42) | 3.18(1.72, 5.87) | 2.63(1.22, 5.70) | 2.13(0.96, 4.70) | |
| DPA6(22:5n-6) | |||||
| [2.18, 14.56](n = 485) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | 0.06 |
| [14.56, 19.22](n = 489) | 0.98(0.62, 1.57) | 0.95(0.59, 1.53) | 0.85(0.48, 1.52) | 0.75(0.40, 1.41) | |
| [19.22, 25.15](n = 492) | 3.04(1.73, 5.35) | 3.02(1.71, 5.33) | 2.68(1.57, 4.57) | 2.33(1.34, 4.07) | |
| [25.15, 126.00](n = 516) | 2.74(1.82, 4.12) | 2.71(1.79, 4.11) | 2.26(1.30, 3.91) | 1.83(1.03, 3.26) | |
| DPA3 (22:5n-3) | |||||
| [12.60, 40.17](n = 562) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | 0.08 |
| [40.17, 49.70](n = 497) | 1.73(0.85, 3.55) | 1.99(0.97, 4.11) | 2.18(1.09, 4.36) | 1.95(0.96, 3.95) | |
| [49.70, 62.06](n= 451) | 1.97(1.02, 3.81) | 2.39(1.19, 4.79) | 2.46(1.37, 4.42) | 2.18(1.18, 4.03) | |
| [62.06, 229.00](n = 488) | 2.30(1.35, 3.92) | 2.84(1.71, 4.73) | 2.95(1.62, 5.39) | 2.47(1.31, 4.68) | |
| AA/DHA ratio | |||||
| [0.77, 4.47](n = 575) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | 0.12 |
| [4.47, 6.15](n = 532) | 2.52(1.52, 4.17) | 2.58(1.55, 4.29) | 2.24(1.31, 3.85) | 2.13(1.24, 3.66) | |
| [6.15, 7.73](n = 487) | 3.18(1.89, 5.35) | 3.42(1.97, 5.93) | 2.54(1.35, 4.80) | 2.40(1.28, 4.50) | |
| [7.73, 18.91](n = 438) | 3.00(1.68, 5.36) | 3.42(1.74, 6.74) | 2.40(1.13, 5.10) | 2.24(1.08, 4.69) | |
Model 1: crude model. Model 2: adjusted for age, sex and race/ethnicity. Model 3: Model 2 plus ratio of family income to poverty, personal highest education level. Model 4: Model 3 plus CVH.
a
Only the statistically significant results were shown after controlling all potential confounders.
b
Test for trend based on the variable containing a median value for each quartile.