Table 2.

Main characteristics of cases with loss of ARV efficacy during co-administration of InSTI with mineral supplements

ART	Victim ARV	Daily dose of victim ARV (mg)	Age (years)	Gender	OTC	Viral load (copies/mL)	Medical intervention	Final outcome
DTG/ABC/3TC	DTG	50	35	Female (pregnant)	Ca2+ supplements	72	Take ART 6 h after Ca2+ supplements	Undetectable viral load 3 weeks later
DTG/ABC/3TC	DTG	50	55	Male	Mg2+ supplements	110	Stop Mg2+ supplements	Undetectable viral load 12 weeks later
BIC/TAF/FTC	BIC	50	44	Male	Vitamin supplements including Mg2+	70	Stop vitamin supplements	Undetectable viral load 8 weeks later
DTG/3TC	DTG	50	41	Male	Vitamin supplements including Mg2+	80	Stop vitamin supplements	Undetectable viral load 6 weeks later
BIC/TAF/FTC	BIC	50	42	Male	Zn2+, Ca2+, and P supplements	56,477	Stop Zn2+, Ca2+, and P supplements	Undetectable viral load 4 weeks later
DTG/ABC/3TC	DTG	50	40	Female	Mg2+ supplements	380	Stop Mg2+ supplements	Undetectable viral load 12 weeks later
RAL-FTC/TDF	RAL	1200	48	Male	Mg2+ supplements	98	Stop Mg2+ supplements and repeat viral load 4 weeks later: 69 copies/mL. Then switch ART to DRV/c/FTC/TAF	Unknown
RAL-FTC/TDF	RAL	800	45	Male	White kaolin clay (containing Al3+ and Si2+)	170	Stop white kaolin clay	Undetectable viral load 12 weeks later
RAL-FTC/TDF	RAL	1200	47	Male	Meal replacement shakes fortified with minerals and vitamins	Detectable (unknown value)	Switch RAL to DTG and separation between DTG and the meal replacements	Undetectable viral load (unknown time)

One case containing rifampicin was not included because of more than one factor interfering with ART efficacy

3TC lamivudine, ABC abacavir, BIC bictegravir, DTG dolutegravir, FTC emtricitabine, TAF tenofovir alafenamide, TDF tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, RAL raltegravir